Electrochemical Sensor Platforms Based on Nanostructured Metal Oxides, and Zeolite‐Based Materials

Abstract

Electrochemical sensors have drawn significant attention over the last couple of decades because of their ability to improve detection of organic and inorganic analytes found in the field of biotechnology, environmental sciences, medicine, and food quality control. This personal account summarizes the state‐of‐art research carried out in the construction and evaluation of nanostructured metal oxides and zeolite based electrochemical sensors. Metal oxides and zeolite‐based nanomaterials have many unique and extraordinary properties such as tunable redox activity, surface functionalization ability, optimum conductivity, large surface area, biocompatibility and so forth. In this personal account, the current advances in electrochemical sensor applications of metal oxides, zeolite‐based nanomaterials, and their nanocomposites are described for the single and simultaneous determination of organic & inorganic contaminants present in water bodies, physiological bio‐molecules present in human blood & urine samples, and organic contaminants present in food materials.Moreover, concluding section focuses discussion on the future developments and applications of these materials in various emerging technologies.

Electrochemical Detection of 2‐Nitrophenol Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with BaO Nanorods

“…Due to the small size with distinct shaped, nanostructured metal oxides are exhibited a unique electronic, physical and chemical properties, which are very useful for the development of sensing devices at particularly the construction of electrochemical sensor [42,43] . Another important criterion of nanostructured semi‐conductive metal oxides is the active surface area to volume ratio, which is dependent on the structural morphology of prepared nanomaterials [44] .…”

“…Due to the small size with distinct shaped, nanostructured metal oxides are exhibited a unique electronic, physical and chemical properties, which are very useful for the development of sensing devices at particularly the construction of electrochemical sensor. [42,43] Another important criterion of nanostructured semi-conductive metal oxides is the active surface area to volume ratio, which is dependent on the structural morphology of prepared nanomaterials. [44] Here, BaO materials have employed a great deal of consideration due to their chemical, structural, physical, and optical properties in terms of largeactive surface area, high-stability, high porosity, and permeability, which directly dependent on the structural morphology prepared by reactant precursors.…”

Influence of boehmite intermediate layer as covalent linker on synthesis of LTA zeolite coatings

“…However, Boehmite showed better results than the PDDA because it also generates a layer that will protect the wafer from the basic medium present in the dissolution of the synthesis gel, the boehmite intermediate layer enhance the adherence between zeolite seed layer and substrate by hydrogen bonding. PDDA and bohemite modify the surface charge of the support from negative to positive favoring the deposition of negatively charged crystals [19]. Figure 3 shows a comparison between zeolite LTA nanocrystals by SEM micrographs after the seeding procedure using PDDA ( Figure 3a) and Boehmite (Figure 3b) as linker.…”

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles as Antifouling Materials for the Electrochemical Detection of Methylparaben

“…Nanostructured TMO-modified electrodes offer a wide range of advantages, including low-toxicity, high stability, fast electron transfer, tunable redox activity, the capability to functionalize the surface, giving high conductivity and large surface area. [17] However, all of these attributes can be directly influenced by the nature, structure, size and, most importantly, morphology of the constituent nanostructure. Among others, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively studied for gas sensing, [18] in solar cells [19] and for photo-electrocatalysis [20] etc.…”