Electrochemical study of Conducting Polymer/Lignin Composites

Abstract

Electropolymerization and redox behavior of lignin composites were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Oxidation of lignin (LG) composites mixed with different polymers such as; Poly (o-phenylenediamine) (POPDA), Pyrrole (Py), 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-sulfonic acid (AHNSA) on working glassy carbon electrode (GCE) were performed by cyclic voltammetry in a three-electrode electrochemical cell. EQCM was used during polymerization technique and detecting the continuous mass increase with the number of potential cycles. Transmission FTIR spectra of the electropolymerized film of pyrrole and lignin composite polymer after deposition were recorded. These results gave evidence of lignin composite formation due to the fact that new and broad bands in the region of 3411"3460 cm "1 were observed.

Effect of lignin fractions isolated from different biomass sources on cellulose oxidation by fungal lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases

“…Moreover, the lignin isolated from pretreated materials upon the addition of acid catalyst (OS-A-S-LF and OS-A-B-LF) appeared to have lower potentials. The redox potential values found for both the immobilized lignins [ 49 , 53 – 55 ] and the LPMOs [ 17 , 50 – 52 ] are in accordance with those that have been estimated in the literature.…”

Optical Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Using Lignocellulose Modified TiO<sub>2</sub>

“…Recently, photocatalytic reactions induced by illumination of electro-conducting nanomaterials in suspension have been shown to be one of the most promising techniques for waste water treatment [11]. Among various electro-conducting photo catalysts nanomaterial's, lignocellulose [12] and its modified with titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) conducting nanomaterial's exhibit promising photocatalytic activities due to their especial environmental friendly behavior, low catalytic cost, unique degradable ability, and high crystalline property and therefore, could be an alternative nanomaterial for environmental application and wastewater treatment [13]. Likewise, lignocellulose modified titanium oxide is the most and selective nanomaterial under ambient condition and has special significant importance, due to their stability, particle size and for their better electron transfer mediator.…”

Quinone‐Based Redox Supercapacitor Using Highly Conductive Hard Carbon Derived from Oak Wood

“…Cellulose, cellobiose, and glucose, which are components of wood, reportedly have redox potentials within the range of 0–0.5 V (vs Ag/AgCl) . Moreover, lignin, which comprises up to 20–30% of wood, also undergoes reversible redox reactions (quinone ⇌ hydroquinone in lignin structure) from 0.35 to 0.55 V, specifically those induced by oxygen‐containing functional groups . The CV curve of the A–HC electrode in Figure b shows not only a capacitor‐like rectangular shape, but also a broad redox potential range from 0 to 0.5 V. Therefore, the wide redox potential of A–HC from 0 to 0.5 V is attributable to the residual oxygen‐containing functional groups of cellulose, cellobiose, glucose, and lignin, which were present in the original oak wood.…”

“…According to a previous report, [41] carbon bonding derived from sp 2 structure is the most dominant, although CO, CO, and COO − bonding are observed as well. [43] The CV curve of the A-HC electrode in Figure 3b shows not only a capacitor-like rectangular shape, but also a broad redox potential range from 0 to 0.5 V. Therefore, the wide redox potential of A-HC from 0 to 0.5 V is attributable to the residual oxygencontaining functional groups of cellulose, cellobiose, glucose, and lignin, which were present in the original oak wood. [42] Moreover, lignin, which comprises up to 20-30% of wood, also undergoes reversible redox reactions (quinone ⇌ hydroquinone in lignin structure) from 0.35 to 0.55 V, specifically those induced by oxygen-containing functional groups.…”

“…[42] Moreover, lignin, which comprises up to 20-30% of wood, also undergoes reversible redox reactions (quinone ⇌ hydroquinone in lignin structure) from 0.35 to 0.55 V, specifically those induced by oxygen-containing functional groups. [43] The CV curve of the A-HC electrode in Figure 3b shows not only a capacitor-like rectangular shape, but also a broad redox potential range from 0 to 0.5 V. Therefore, the wide redox potential of A-HC from 0 to 0.5 V is attributable to the residual oxygencontaining functional groups of cellulose, cellobiose, glucose, and lignin, which were present in the original oak wood. Subsequently, the redox capacity of A-HC with a broad redox potential from 0 to 0.5 V was calculated from the galvanostatic discharge profile.…”