Electrochemical treatment of wastewater contaminated by organics and containing chlorides: Effect of operative parameters on the abatement of organics and the generation of chlorinated by-products

Removal of Phenol from Water in the Presence of NaCl in Undivided Cells Equipped with Carbon Felt or Ni Cathodes: Effect of Air Pressure

“…In particular, according to the literature, [12] chlorophenols were completely removed after 4 h while the overall concentration of HAAs reached a maximum after 5 h (about 0.8 mM) and after decreased to a value close to 0.17 mM after 24 h (Figure 3B). These very good results are due to the fact that at BDD the oxidation by active chlorine is coupled with the mineralization achieved by very reactive hydroxyl radicals generated by water oxidation [Eq.…”

“…However, in the last years, some researchers have shown that the nature of the cathode can strongly affect the concentration of chlorinated by‐products generated during the electrochemical disinfection or the electrochemical removal of organics. In particular, some scientists have shown that the utilization of undivided cells equipped with carbon felt cathodes can enhance the removal of TOC and reduce the formation of chlorates [12,27] . Hence, we have performed some experiments using a carbon felt cathode for the treatment of the aqueous solution of phenol with a concentration of NaCl of 0.5 m with a j of 10 mA cm −2 at different pressures (1, 5 and 10 bar).…”

“…Conversely, silver cathodes allow the reduction of HAAs to acetic acids that can be more effectively removed by oxidation processes [12] …”

Electrochemical Treatment of Synthetic Wastewaters Contaminated by Organic Pollutants at Ti4O7 Anode. Study of the Role of Operative Parameters by Experimental Results and Theoretical Modelling

“…As an example, at 35 mA cm À 2 , a removal of OA close to 78 and 93 % was achieved after 3.3 h at Ti 4 O 7 and BDD, respectively. It is worth to mention that for rather high values of j of 35 mA cm À 2 a further enhancement of the j resulted in a quite low increase of X OA due to the fact that, at these high j, the process was strongly limited by the mass transfer of the 6) and (7). 4A shows a zoom on the x-axis within a range time between 0 and 5 hours.…”

“…In the last years, several researchers have studied the implementation of innovative advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the effective treatment of wastewater contaminated by organic pollutants resistant to conventional biological processes. Some electrochemical processes such as anodic oxidation (AO), [1][2][3][4][5] oxidation by electro-generated active chlorine [1,2,6,7] and electro-Fenton (EF) [1,2,8,9] gave very promising results in terms of high removals of organics using an environmental friend reagent such as the electron and mild conditions such as room temperature and pressure close the atmospheric one. Moreover, it was shown that the electrochemical treatment of wastewater can use electric energy from renewable energies such as salinity gradients [10,11] and/or it can be coupled with other redox processes, such as carbon dioxide reduction, [12] thus strongly improving the economic perspectives of such process.…”