Electrochemically activated laser-induced graphene coatings against marine biofouling

Manderfeld, Emily; Kleinberg, Maurício Nunes; Thamaraiselvan, Chidambaram; Koschitzki, Florian; Gnutt, Patricia; Plumeré, Nicolas; Arnusch, Christopher J.; Rosenhahn, Axel

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150853

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…One such application is environmental technology, − where LIG was shown to have antifouling and antibacterial effects that were especially evident in the presence of an applied electrical voltage. , Many possibilities exist for the incorporation of this material in technology that might benefit from antimicrobial surface properties considering that the antibacterial and antifouling effects of LIG have been suggested to not only include chemical and electrical effects but also texture effects . The fiber-like surface layer of the LIG might prevent bacterial adhesion to the surface, and more bacteria were identified on flatter surfaces present at a lower depth of the LIG …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 The fiber-like surface layer of the LIG might prevent bacterial adhesion to the surface, and more bacteria were identified on flatter surfaces present at a lower depth of the LIG. 15 Although direct mechanical contact with the LIG can lead to the removal of carbon from the surface, LIG coatings are conformal and can be flexed without any loss of integrity if fabricated on a flexible substrate. In general, LIG polymer composites 8,16,17 or laminates 18 have proven to increase the LIG's robustness resulting in improved functionality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Art

Powell

Pisharody

Thamaraiselvan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a method of generating a foam-like conformal carbon layer of porous graphene on many types of carbon-based surfaces. This electrically conductive material has been shown to be useful in many applications (e.g., environmental technology) and exhibits low fouling and antimicrobial surfaces. Moreover, polymers and concrete composite materials have been made. Since LIG is formed using common engraving or cutting lasers, LIG images on paper products was recently termed “graphene art”. Here we show that graphene art generated on polymers can be composited and made functional. Pouring concrete on LIG images obtained on poly(ether sulfone) or polyimide and transferring the LIG onto the set concrete surface by simply peeling off the polymer support resulted in LIG-concrete composite artistic designs. The electrically conductive LIG-concrete composite art was functional and showed antibacterial effects when an electrical potential was applied (i.e., an antimicrobial rate (AR) of 100%a 5 log reduction). These examples show that artistically designed LIG-concrete composites can be functional by utilizing the electrical and chemical properties of LIG and especially for antibacterial effects, which might be of use for incorporation into structural aspects of hospitals or other buildings where sterile surfaces might provide added protection for immune-compromised patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Art

Powell

Pisharody

Thamaraiselvan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…Electrochemical characterization and stability experiments of the unmodified PES LIG surface used as an electrode have in detail been described in a previous study. [ 29 ] H 2 O 2 formation was observed starting at 1.3 V and oxidative chlorine species starting to form at 1.5 V. At −0.5 V, the start of H 2 formation was found. Stability of the surface at positive potentials (1.4 V for 6 h) was proven using Raman measurements which revealed only a minor decrease of the G peak and the stability was confirmed by EDX measurements, as only a slight increase in O 2 content (1.75 w%) was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…SLIG was successfully generated on PES polymers following previously described methods. [ 29 ] SLIG was also generated on PI and different degrees of silanization protocols were used to obtain different wettabilities. While the surfaces which were plasma treated before silanization revealed a stable plastron, a less stable plastron was observed on those surfaces where the silanization was carried out without prior plasma treatment ( Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregeneration of Fouling‐Inhibiting Plastrons on Conductive Laser‐Induced Graphene Coatings by Joule Heating

Manderfeld

Kleinberg

Thamaraiselvan

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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Superhydrophobic surfaces are capable to resist the adhesion of organisms through a surface bound air layer, known as a plastron. However, the lifetime of such plastrons is limited and their decay results in the loss of the protective barrier against organism attachment. Here a method is established to replenish the plastron by Joule heating of electrically conductive, superhydrophobic laser‐induced graphene (SLIG) coatings. Local heating with a DC current reduces the water solubility of gases and the growth of an initial microplastron into a macroplastron through gas nucleation at the liquid–air interface is observed. Small temperature differences between the surface and the surrounding water could induce this effect. Different SLIG surfaces are challenged against biofouling by the diatom Navicula perminuta under dynamic conditions and it is shown that surfaces with intact plastron resist diatom accumulation. Surfaces without the protective air layer are found to accumulate high amounts of diatoms. The results underline the promising potential of plastron‐based antifouling approaches because plastrons can be stabilized for extended times. This strategy could be applied to many other materials for an effective protection against fouling organism.

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“…Furthermore, laser-induced GP coatings reduced Cobetia marina surface coverage by up to 80% after 36 h of exposure [ 62 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifouling Performance of Carbon-Based Coatings for Marine Applications: A Systematic Review

2022

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Although carbon materials are widely used in surface engineering, particularly graphene (GP) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the application of these nanocomposites for the development of antibiofilm marine surfaces is still poorly documented. The aim of this study was, thus, to gather and discuss the relevant literature concerning the antifouling performance of carbon-based coatings against marine micro- and macrofoulers. For this purpose, a PRISMA-oriented systematic review was conducted based on predefined criteria, which resulted in the selection of thirty studies for a qualitative synthesis. In addition, the retrieved publications were subjected to a quality assessment process based on an adapted Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) scale. In general, this review demonstrated the promising antifouling performance of these carbon nanomaterials in marine environments. Further, results from the revised studies suggested that functionalized GP- and CNTs-based marine coatings exhibited improved antifouling performance compared to these materials in pristine forms. Thanks to their high self-cleaning and enhanced antimicrobial properties, as well as durability, these functionalized composites showed outstanding results in protecting submerged surfaces from the settlement of fouling organisms in marine settings. Overall, these findings can pave the way for the development of new carbon-engineered surfaces capable of preventing marine biofouling.

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Electrochemically activated laser-induced graphene coatings against marine biofouling

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Functional Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Art

Functional Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Art

Thermoregeneration of Fouling‐Inhibiting Plastrons on Conductive Laser‐Induced Graphene Coatings by Joule Heating

Antifouling Performance of Carbon-Based Coatings for Marine Applications: A Systematic Review

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