Electrochemically activated pencil lead electrode as a sensitive voltammetric sensor to determine gallic acid

Alipour, Esmaeel; Bolali, Fatemeh Mirzae; Norouzi, Sheida; Saadatirad, Afsaneh

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131871

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Voltammetric studies of the BHA, TBHQ, and PG oxidation process were carried out to determine this antioxidant in chewing gum [ 78 , 103 ]. BHA and BHT were determined simultaneously in enriched samples of dehydrated potato flakes using SWV and DPV combined with the use of cylindrical carbon fiber microelectrodes, resulting in a difference in reaction redox of about 300 mV, considering the peak potential values [ 104 ]. The use of a carbon paste electrode modified with nickel phthalocyanine was also reported for the catalytic voltammetric study and simultaneous determination of BHA and BHT [ 105 ].…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Synthetic Antioxidants In Foodstuffsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some reports have indicated that the use of the previous preconcentration step before the DPV or SWV measurement can enhance the sensitivity due to the previous accumulation of synthetic phenolic antioxidants under the working electrode. Therefore, Alipour et al [ 104 ] used DPV and performed a previous preconcentration of GA under an activated pencil lead electrode and observed that the limit of detection of 0.25 µmol/L was improved to 5.2 nmol/L, allowing the voltammetric determination of gallic acid in black and green tea and mango juice samples.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Synthetic Antioxidants In Foodstuffsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Synthetic Antioxidants: What Factors Affect the Efficiency in the Chromatographic Analysis and in the Electrochemical Analysis?

Gonçalves-Filho

Souza

2022

Molecules

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Antioxidants are food additives largely employed to inhibit oxidative reactions in foodstuffs rich in oils and fat lipids, extending the shelf life of foodstuffs and inhibiting alterations in color, flavor, smell, and loss of nutritional value. However, various research has demonstrated that the inadequate use of synthetic antioxidants results in environmental and health problems due to the fact that some of these compounds present toxicity, and their presence in the human body, in high concentrations, is related to the development of some cancer types and other diseases. Therefore, the development of analytical methods for identifying and quantifying synthetic antioxidants in foodstuffs is fundamental to quality control and in ensuring consumer food safety. This review describes the recent chromatographic and electrochemical techniques used in the detection of synthetic phenolic antioxidants in foodstuffs, highlighting the main characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of these methods, and specific typical features, which include extraction methods for sample preparation and materials used in the working electrode construction, considering chromatographic and voltammetric methods, since these specific features influence the efficiency in the analysis.

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Section: Chemical Analysis Of Synthetic Antioxidants In Foodstuffsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Synthetic Antioxidants In Foodstuffsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Synthetic Antioxidants: What Factors Affect the Efficiency in the Chromatographic Analysis and in the Electrochemical Analysis?

Gonçalves-Filho

Souza

2022

Molecules

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“…Diets rich in nutrient-dense foods are highly beneficial for human health and aging. , For instance, high consumption of foods rich in natural antioxidants is known to provide health benefits due to their potential role in the prevention of oxidative stress-related diseases. , Due to the nutritional benefits of natural antioxidants, several analytical methods have been devoted to their quantification in food samples, including high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, and high-performance capillary electrophoresis . Although these techniques present satisfactory sensitivity and repeatability, they still have some limitations for practical applications, namely the need for expensive equipment, skilled manpower, as well as time-consuming analytical procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorimetric Detection of Antioxidants in Food Samples Using MnO₂/Graphene Quantum Dot Composites with Oxidase-like Activity

Facure

André

Mercante

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Recently, strategies for developing colorimetric sensors relying on nanozymes for the detection of analytes of health, food, and environmental interest have gained significant importance. Herein, a rapid and sensitive colorimetric assay based on manganese dioxide/graphene quantum dot (MnO 2 /GQD) composites was developed for the detection of antioxidants in food. The composite, synthesized by a hydrothermal method, served as a nanozyme with outstanding oxidase-like catalytic activity to trigger the 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethybenzidine (TMB) chromogenic reaction. Then, an assay was performed to evaluate the reducing ability of antioxidants toward oxTMB by detecting color changes during the procedure. The colorimetric method achieved high selectivity and sensitivity toward the detection of gallic acid, tannic acid, and ascorbic acid with detection limits (S/N = 3) of 0.07, 0.28, and 0.69 μmol L −1 , respectively. Moreover, the assay was used to accurately measure and discriminate the antioxidants in real food samples, revealing its great promise for portable and rapid food analysis.

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“…Scientists have suggested a number of effective catalysts to study the sensing of Gallic acid. [44][45][46][47][48] For instance, to evaluate the concentration of Gallic acid Puangjan et al, first deposited Co 3 O 4 catalyst on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and then changed into rGO/Co 3 O 4 with ZrO 2 . [48] However, glassy carbon (GC) electrode is the cheapest one among available electrodes to attain different oxidation reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Gallic Acid by Activated Glassy Carbon Electrode in Acidic Medium

Siddika,

Ahmed,

Aoki

et al. 2023

ChemistrySelect

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An electrochemically functionalized glassy carbon (GC) electrode was prepared to study Gallic acid (GA) oxidation reaction in an acidic medium. The functionalized GC electrode was found to enhanced GA oxidation reaction in acidic medium by lowering oxidation potential and increasing corresponding current in comparison to a pristine GC. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods were used to analyze functionalized GC surface. The development of electropositive C=O functional groups were assumed to enhance the catalytic process. The specific capacitance of the electrode was calculated to be 92.91 μF by analysing EIS. Kinetics of GA oxidation over activated GC was calculated from CVs data. By analysing concentration dependent CVs it was found that the electrode process followed mass transfer limited first order kinetics. The GA oxidation mechanism is potential‐dependent. For potentials above 0.42 V, the oxidation reaction involves the transfer of 2e− and 2H+ via a concerted mechanism, while at potentials below 0.42 V, the mechanism is stepwise. The reaction‘s standard rate constant (k°) was evaluated as 2.08×10−4 cm s−1.

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Electrochemically activated pencil lead electrode as a sensitive voltammetric sensor to determine gallic acid

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

Detection of Synthetic Antioxidants: What Factors Affect the Efficiency in the Chromatographic Analysis and in the Electrochemical Analysis?

Detection of Synthetic Antioxidants: What Factors Affect the Efficiency in the Chromatographic Analysis and in the Electrochemical Analysis?

Colorimetric Detection of Antioxidants in Food Samples Using MnO₂/Graphene Quantum Dot Composites with Oxidase-like Activity

Kinetics of Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Gallic Acid by Activated Glassy Carbon Electrode in Acidic Medium

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Electrochemically activated pencil lead electrode as a sensitive voltammetric sensor to determine gallic acid

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

Detection of Synthetic Antioxidants: What Factors Affect the Efficiency in the Chromatographic Analysis and in the Electrochemical Analysis?

Detection of Synthetic Antioxidants: What Factors Affect the Efficiency in the Chromatographic Analysis and in the Electrochemical Analysis?

Colorimetric Detection of Antioxidants in Food Samples Using MnO2/Graphene Quantum Dot Composites with Oxidase-like Activity

Kinetics of Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Gallic Acid by Activated Glassy Carbon Electrode in Acidic Medium

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Colorimetric Detection of Antioxidants in Food Samples Using MnO₂/Graphene Quantum Dot Composites with Oxidase-like Activity