“…Up to present, numerous cathode materials have been evaluated, such as the P2 or O3-layered oxide Na x MO 2 (0.5 < x < 1, M:Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Cr, Ti, etc.) [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18], tunnel-type Na 0.44 MnO 2 [19,20], Na 0.66 [Mn 0.66 Ti 0.34 ]O 2 [21], Na superionic conductor (NASICON)-Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C [22], ferrocyanide-like copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) [23], nickel and copper hexacyanoferrate (Ni-CuHCF) [24], etc. In contrast, the choices of anode materials for sodium-ion batteries are limited to carbonaceous materials, alloys, Ti-based oxides and some organic compounds.…”