Electrochemistry of nanobubbles

Ranaweera, R. A. A. Upul; Luo, Long

doi:10.1016/j.coelec.2020.04.019

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Such single-entity nanoelectrochemistry approaches enable insights into the nucleation, growth, and stability of bubbles, as well as into supersaturation aspects. 98,99 Conveniently, electrochemical measurements can be combined with additional characterization techniques and computational simulations to investigate critical aspects of electrocatalytic gas bubble formation. As briefly stated above, the blockage of electrode surface due to bubble formation is detrimental for electrocatalytic performance.…”

Section: Challenges and Chances Of Electrocatalyst Design Beyond Kine...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Strategies for Electrocatalysts from an Electrochemist’s Perspective

2021

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The aim to produce highly active, selective, and long-lived electrocatalysts by design drives major research efforts toward gaining fundamental understanding of the relationship between material properties and their catalytic performance. Surface characterization tools enable to assess atomic scale information on the complexity of electrocatalyst materials. Advancing electrochemical methodologies to adequately characterize such systems was less of a research focus point. In this Review, we shed light on the ability to gain fundamental insights into electrocatalysis from a complementary perspective and establish corresponding design strategies. These may rely on adopting the perceptions and models of other subareas of electrochemistry, such as corrosion, battery research, or electrodeposition. Concepts on how to account for and improve mass transport, manage gas bubble release, or exploit magnetic fields are highlighted in this respect. Particular attention is paid to deriving design strategies for nanoelectrocatalysts, which is often impeded, as structural and physical material properties are buried in electrochemical data of whole electrodes or even devices. Thus, a second major approach focuses on overcoming this difference in the considered level of complexity by methods of single-entity electrochemistry. The gained understanding of intrinsic catalyst performance may allow to rationally advance design concepts with increased complexity, such as three-dimensional electrode architectures. Many materials undergo structural changes upon formation of the working catalyst. Accordingly, developing "precatalysts" with low hindrance of the electrochemical transformation to the active catalyst is suggested as a final design strategy.

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Section: Challenges and Chances Of Electrocatalyst Design Beyond Kine...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Strategies for Electrocatalysts from an Electrochemist’s Perspective

2021

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“…Gas nanobubbles (NBs) are attracting a lot of attention in electrochemistry and are one of the most fundamental physical systems used to study and understand nucleation and growth phenomena at solid–liquid interfaces . In (electro-)catalysis or corrosion, NBs are frequently employed as nanoreporters that are associated with local catalytic activity. − NBs can constitute intermediate states that further grow and merge into micro- and macroscopic bubbles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging and Quantifying the Formation of Single Nanobubbles at Single Platinum Nanoparticles during the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

et al. 2021

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While numerous efforts are produced towards the design of sustainable and efficient nano-catalysts of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), there is a need for the operando observation and quantification of gas nanobubbles (NBs) formation involved in this electrochemical reaction. It is achieved herein through interference reflection microscopy (IRM) coupled to electrochemistry and optical modelling. Besides analyzing the geometry and growth rate of individual NBs at single nanocatalysts, the toolbox offered by super-localization and quantitative label-free optical microscopy allows analyzing the geometry (contact angle and footprint with surface) of individual NBs and their growth rate. It turns out that after few seconds, NBs are steadily growing while they are fully covering the Pt NPs that allowed their nucleation and their pinning on the electrode surface. It then raises relevant questions related to gas evolution catalysts as for example: does the evaluation of NB growth at single nano-catalyst really reflect its electrochemical activity? 2

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“…12,13 These gaseous entities have garnered a significant amount of attention due to their mysterious stability 14 and implications in electrochemical processes. 15 Several recent reviews detail the current understanding and unresolved questions about surface nanobubbles. 16,17 Nanobubbles have been studied using a wide range of analytical tools, including atomic force microscopy (AFM), 18 nanoelectrochemistry, 19 surface plasmon resonance imaging, 20 synchrotron-based transmission X-ray microscopy, 21 scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM), 22 interface reflection microscopy, 23 and fluorescence-based imaging.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gas-containing surface nanobubbles provide a unique opportunity to study the gas–liquid interface at the nanoscale. Surface nanobubbles are readily generated using organic solvent exchange , and electrochemistry. , These gaseous entities have garnered a significant amount of attention due to their mysterious stability and implications in electrochemical processes . Several recent reviews detail the current understanding and unresolved questions about surface nanobubbles. , Nanobubbles have been studied using a wide range of analytical tools, including atomic force microscopy (AFM), nanoelectrochemistry, surface plasmon resonance imaging, synchrotron-based transmission X-ray microscopy, scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM), interface reflection microscopy, and fluorescence-based imaging. , Although these studies have provided tremendous insight into the nucleation, growth, stability, and physical characteristics of surface nanobubbles, the nature of the gas–liquid interface has been essentially unexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Molecule Interactions at a Surfactant-Modified H₂ Surface Nanobubble

Suvira

Zhang

2021

Langmuir

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In schematics and cartoons, the gas–liquid interface is often drawn as solid lines that aid in distinguishing the separation of the two phases. However, on the molecular level, the structure, shape, and size of the gas–liquid interface remain elusive. Furthermore, the interactions of molecules at gas–liquid interfaces must be considered in various contexts, including atmospheric chemical reactions, wettability of surfaces, and numerous other relevant phenomena. Hence, understanding the structure and interactions of molecules at the gas–liquid interface is critical for further improving technologies that operate between the two phases. Electrochemically generated surface nanobubbles provide a stable, reproducible, and high-throughput platform for the generation of a nanoscale gas–liquid boundary. We use total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to image single-fluorophore labeling of surface nanobubbles in the presence of a surfactant. The accumulation of a surfactant on the nanobubble surface changes the interfacial properties of the gas–liquid interface. The single-molecule approach reveals that the fluorophore adsorption and residence lifetime at the interface is greatly impacted by the charge of the surfactant layer at the bubble surface. We demonstrate that the fluorescence readout is either short- or long-lived depending on the repulsive or attractive environment, respectively, between fluorophores and surfactants. Additionally, we investigated the effect of surfactant chain length and salt type and concentration on the fluorophore lifetime at the nanobubble surface.

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Electrochemistry of nanobubbles

Cited by 21 publications

References 50 publications

Design Strategies for Electrocatalysts from an Electrochemist’s Perspective

Design Strategies for Electrocatalysts from an Electrochemist’s Perspective

Imaging and Quantifying the Formation of Single Nanobubbles at Single Platinum Nanoparticles during the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Single-Molecule Interactions at a Surfactant-Modified H₂ Surface Nanobubble

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Electrochemistry of nanobubbles

Cited by 21 publications

References 50 publications

Design Strategies for Electrocatalysts from an Electrochemist’s Perspective

Design Strategies for Electrocatalysts from an Electrochemist’s Perspective

Imaging and Quantifying the Formation of Single Nanobubbles at Single Platinum Nanoparticles during the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Single-Molecule Interactions at a Surfactant-Modified H2 Surface Nanobubble

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Single-Molecule Interactions at a Surfactant-Modified H₂ Surface Nanobubble