Electrochromic materials and devices: Brief survey and new data on optical absorption in tungsten oxide and nickel oxide films

Avendaño, E.; Berggren, Lars; Niklasson, Gunnar A.; Granqvist, Claes G.; Azens, A.

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2005.08.183

Cited by 175 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Films based on NiO have enjoyed much interest lately because they combine a reasonable cost with excellent electrochromic properties, which even can be improved by mixing NiO with wide band gap oxides such as MgO or Al 2 O 3 (Garcia-Miquel et al 2003;Avendaño et al 2004Avendaño et al , 2006Avendaño et al , 2007Penin et al 2006;Liu et al 2008;Vidales-Hurtado & Mendoza-Galvín 2008;Zayim et al 2008;Zelazowska & Rysiakiewicz-Pasek 2008;Huang et al 2009;Lou et al 2009). NiO:X, i.e.…”

Section: Nickel Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Properties, requirements and possibilities of smart windows for dynamic daylight and solar energy control in buildings: A state-of-the-art review

Bætens

Jelle

Gustavsen

2010

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

1,153

591

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A survey on prototype and currently commercial dynamic tintable smart windows has been carried out. The technologies of electrochromic, gasochromic, liquid crystal and electrophoretic or suspended-particle devices were examined and compared for dynamic daylight and solar energy control in buildings. Presently, state-of-the art commercial electrochromic windows seem most promising to reduce cooling loads, heating loads and lighting energy in buildings, where they have been found most reliable and able to modulate the transmittance up to 68 percent of the total solar spectrum. Their efficiency has already been proven in hot Californian climates, but more research is necessary to validate the products for colder climates, and to improve furthermore the commercial products in order to control the indoor climate in a more energy efficient way by reducing both heating and cooling loads.

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Section: Nickel Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Properties, requirements and possibilities of smart windows for dynamic daylight and solar energy control in buildings: A state-of-the-art review

Bætens

Jelle

Gustavsen

2010

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

1,153

591

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“…The five layers are illustrated in Fig. 1 (Granqvist, 2000;Lee and DiBartolomeo, 2002;Avendaño et al, 2006;Granqvist et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

et al. 2014

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Energy performance analysis of Electrochromic (EC) windows is carried out. EC glass and control strategies are modeled and implemented in ESP-r. EC windows are evaluated, on a test prototype, as an alternative to shading devices. Set-points and measured variables are used to control optical properties of EC glass. Within this context, the paper focuses on the energy savings that may occur when using electrochromic (EC) windows, an interesting emerging technology alternative to shading devices to control solar gain in buildings located in Mediterranean climates. The EC windows technology is briefly presented and the optical properties adjustments of the glasses are discussed according to the operated range. The EC window dynamic behavior and the different control strategies are modeled and implemented in the ESP-r building simulation program. The EC window impact in the energy needs for heating and cooling is studied, considering different ambient parameters (exterior dry bulb temperature, interior dry bulb temperature and incident radiation) and set points for the EC control. A comparison of several windows solutions (single, double-glazing and EC windows), the type of building, internal gains from occupancy, lighting and equipment and the orientation of windows are considered for discussion through the analysis of the energy needs for heating and cooling. It is concluded that for this climate the best positive results are obtained when the EC are used in the west façade. For the south façade the results show no significant advantages in using EC windows.

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“…When a potential is applied over the smart window, ions in the electrolyte are transported between the EC layers and the transparency changes. In recent years materials development in this field has frequently been directed to the study of mixed oxides [3][4][5][6]. These promising materials may show improved optical, electrochemical and stability properties, as compared to the corresponding properties of the constituent oxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromism in nickel oxide and tungsten oxide thin films: Ion intercalation from different electrolytes

Green

Backholm

Georén

et al. 2009

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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Electrochromic NiO z and WO y thin films were prepared by sputtering and were used in a feasibility study aimed at investigating mixtures of these two oxides. The object was to identify a suitable electrolyte, compatible with both NiO z and WO y . To that end we carried out cyclic voltammetry in potassium hydroxide (KOH), propionic acid, and lithium perchlorate in propylene carbonate (Li-PC). WO y could be coloured in propionic acid and Li-PC, while NiO z could be coloured only in KOH. Both films showed best stability in Li-PC, which hence is well suited for further studies of mixed NiO z and WO y .

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Electrochromic materials and devices: Brief survey and new data on optical absorption in tungsten oxide and nickel oxide films

Cited by 175 publications

References 97 publications

Properties, requirements and possibilities of smart windows for dynamic daylight and solar energy control in buildings: A state-of-the-art review

Properties, requirements and possibilities of smart windows for dynamic daylight and solar energy control in buildings: A state-of-the-art review

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

Electrochromism in nickel oxide and tungsten oxide thin films: Ion intercalation from different electrolytes

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