Electrochromic windows based on viologen-modified nanostructured TiO2 films

Cinnsealach, Rachel; Boschloo, Gerrit; Rao, S. Nagaraja; Fitzmaurice, Donald

doi:10.1016/s0927-0248(98)00096-8

Cited by 165 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…[5][6][7] Previous fabrication of such electrochromic systems was achieved by incorporating the chromophore in a polymeric film deposited on a transparent conducting oxide. 8 However this film had a tendency to peel from the transparent conducting oxide and the redox chromophores are not in direct contact with the conducting substrate. 8,9 Hence the rates of colouration and de-colouration (bleaching) are limited by the extent of diffusion charges to and from the chromophore into the conducting substrate.…”

Section: Journal Of Materials Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 However this film had a tendency to peel from the transparent conducting oxide and the redox chromophores are not in direct contact with the conducting substrate. 8,9 Hence the rates of colouration and de-colouration (bleaching) are limited by the extent of diffusion charges to and from the chromophore into the conducting substrate. 8,9 As a result, devices based on this method suffer from very long switching times (of the order of several seconds), even for small area devices.…”

Section: Journal Of Materials Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9 Hence the rates of colouration and de-colouration (bleaching) are limited by the extent of diffusion charges to and from the chromophore into the conducting substrate. 8,9 As a result, devices based on this method suffer from very long switching times (of the order of several seconds), even for small area devices. The current processing technology developed by NTERA for fabrication of nanomaterial based display devices involves the preparation of mesoporous TiO 2 by screen printing a solvent based paste of commercial titania precursors and then baking at a higher temperature (500 C) to induce crystallisation in titania and to burn off the organic components.…”

Section: Journal Of Materials Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rapid microwave synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 for electrochromic displays

Periyat

Leyland²,

McCormack³

et al. 2010

J. Mater. Chem.

100

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A straightforward and industria 2 lly viable synthesis for mesoporous nanocrystalline titania in electrochromic displays has been achieved using titanium butoxide, deionised water and butanol at a low microwave power intensity (300 W, 2 min) irradiation.ART B924341K_GRABS The fabrication of paper quality electrochromic displays based on the viologen modified TiO 2 electrodes (Vio 2+ /TiO 2 ) requires a cost-effective, energy efficient and rapid synthesis of mesoporous TiO 2 with high yield in short reaction time. A straightforward and industrially viable process for the preparation of mesoporous nanocrystalline titania (meso-nc-TiO 2 ) for NanoChromicsÔ display device applications by the use of microwave synthesis is presented here. Spherical aggregates of meso-nc-TiO 2 were rapidly achieved using titanium butoxide, deionised water and common alcohols (isopropanol, ethanol and butanol) at comparatively low microwave power intensity (300 W) for 2 min irradiation. The material has been characterised by a range of different techniques such as XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and BET surface area analysis. These materials possess surface areas up to 240 m 2 g À1, which is significantly higher than similar traditional sol-gel or commercial samples. This meso-nc-TiO 2 prepared was used as the working electrode for an electrochromic display device with Sb doped SnO 2 as the counter electrode material on an ITO coated conducting glass. A working prototype of a NanoChromicsÔ display was successfully fabricated using this approach.

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Section: Journal Of Materials Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Journal Of Materials Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Journal Of Materials Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rapid microwave synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 for electrochromic displays

Periyat

Leyland²,

McCormack³

et al. 2010

J. Mater. Chem.

100

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show abstract

“…The majority of studies on optical and electrochemical properties of PDIs are carried out in solution [16,19,21] and the number of solid state electrochemistry studies are limited [15,[22][23][24][25]. Additionally, macroscopic oxide films are under intensive investigation due to their use in optoelectronic applications such as dye-sensitized solar cells, electrochromic and electroluminescent displays [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. The electrochemistry of selfassembly films of polyether derivatives of PDIs was previously reported by Gregg [25], but we could find no report on the electrochemistry of polyether substituted PDI doped nanocrystalline metal oxide films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical and electrochemical properties of polyether derivatives of perylenediimides adsorbed on nanocrystalline metal oxide films

Kuş

Haklı

Zafer

et al. 2008

Organic Electronics

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“…1) consisting of TiO 2 nanoparticles have been regarded as promising display electrodes for ECDs because of their fast EC response. [9][10][11] However, TiO 2 porous electrodes require high-temperature (>400 • C) sintering to reduce the internal and interface resistance of TiO 2 nanoparticles. This process temperature is very larger than the maximum working temperature of most plastic substrates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of the electrochromic response of a low-temperature sintered dye-modified porous electrode using low-resistivity indium tin oxide nanoparticles

2016

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An indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticle-based porous electrode sintered at low temperatures was investigated as a transparent electrode for electrochromic displays (ECDs). The electrochromic (EC) response of the dye-modified ITO porous electrode sintered at 150 °C, which exhibited a generally low resistivity, was markedly superior to that of a conventional dye-modified TiO2 porous electrode sintered at the same temperature. Moreover, the EC characteristics of the dye-modified ITO porous electrode sintered at 150 °C were better than those of the high-temperature (450 °C) sintered conventional dye-modified TiO2 porous electrode. These improvements in the EC characteristics of the dye-modified ITO porous electrode are attributed to its lower resistivity than that of the TiO2 porous electrodes. In addition to its sufficiently low resistivity attained under the sintering conditions required for flexible ECD applications, the ITO porous film had superior visible-light transparency and dye adsorption capabilities. We conclude that the process temperature, resistivity, optical transmittance, and dye adsorption capability of the ITO porous electrode make it a promising transparent porous electrode for flexible ECD applications.

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Electrochromic windows based on viologen-modified nanostructured TiO2 films

Cited by 165 publications

References 15 publications

Rapid microwave synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 for electrochromic displays

Rapid microwave synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 for electrochromic displays

Optical and electrochemical properties of polyether derivatives of perylenediimides adsorbed on nanocrystalline metal oxide films

Improvement of the electrochromic response of a low-temperature sintered dye-modified porous electrode using low-resistivity indium tin oxide nanoparticles

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