Electrochromism of amorphous ruthenium oxide thin films

Abstract

We report on the electrochromic behavior of amorphous ruthenium oxide thin films and their electrochemical characteristics for use as counterelectrodes for electrochromic devices. Hydrous ruthenium oxide thin films were prepared by cyclic voltammetry on ITO coated glass substrates from an aqueous ruthenium chloride solution. The cyclic voltammograms of this material show the capacitive behavior including two redox reaction peaks in each cathodic and anodic scan. The ruthenium oxide thin film electrode exhibits a 50% modulation of optical transmittance at 670 nm wavelength with capacitor charge/ discharge.

Nanostructured Material Fabrication for Energy Conversion

“…It is important to highlight that, for the single crystal RuO 2 , the three Raman modes are located at about 528, 646, and 716 cm -1 [16]. In our case, all the three peaks show a red-shift of about 20 cm -1 that can be attributed to the nanoscale nature of as-deposited RuO 2 as reported by several authors [14][15][16]. Thus, on the basis of these results we can conclude that the deposit that we have obtained inside the channels of alumina template is amorphous hydrated RuO 2 .…”

“…Furthermore, it can be observed a weak and broad peak at 390 cm -1 , which has not yet been identified. Probably, according to the spectra reported by Lee et al [15], can be assigned to the hydrated form of ruthenium oxide. It is important to highlight that, for the single crystal RuO 2 , the three Raman modes are located at about 528, 646, and 716 cm -1 [16].…”

Control of Atomic or Nano-Scale Structure of Functional Metal Oxides for Clean Energy Conversion Systems

“…The broad peak at 420 cm ¹1 was attributed to hydration water containing in the e200-RuO 2 film. 2,3 Triple peaks at 521, 634 and 704 cm ¹1 were observed in spectra (c) and (d), whereas those were not observed in spectra (a) and (b). These triple peaks were assigned to E g , A 1g and B 2g vibrational modes of rutile RuO 2 crystal, 4 indicating that e300-RuO 2 and s300-RuO 2 were crystallized, whereas e200-RuO 2 and snon-RuO 2 were amorphous.…”

Template-Free Synthesis of Ruthenium Oxide Nanotubes for High-Performance Electrochemical Capacitors

“…The broadening of these peaks suggests that the sample is in poorly crystalline state, and so Raman spectroscopy was used to examine the microstructure further (Figure 4b). This identified only a single broad peak at 470 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 cm -1 attributable to hydrated RuO 2 [52][53][54] ; and so given the clearly nanocrystalline nature of the nanotubes, XPS was used to determine their composition. As can be seen in Figure 4c and Since the electrochemical properties of RuO 2 are highly dependent on its degree of hydration, 39 thermogravimetric analysis was performed to estimate the hydration number (x) of the which is a value that is comparable to that of ruthenium oxide/carbon composites.…”