Electrocoagulation removal of Pb, Cd, and Cu ions from wastewater using a new configuration of electrodes

Molecular Probe Embedded Porous Polymer Scaffold as Solid‐State Visual Sensor for Selective and Sequential Sensing of Ultra‐Trace Toxic Heavy Metal Ions in Environmental/Commercial Samples

“…[6] However, these techniques face detection impediments such as the need for experts for instrument operation, tedious sample pretreatment procedures, high operation cost, elaborate infrastructure, spectral/chemical interferences, non-portability, etc., thus making them non-feasible for on-field analysis and in-situ monitoring. In this line, conventional methodologies such as precipitation, electrocoagulation, ion exchange, flocculation, etc., [7][8][9][10][11][12] could evade such complications but are limited by their inability to detect low concentrations, lack of ion-selectivity and imposing huge sludge/secondary waste. [13] Considering the adverse fallout of the existing techniques, adsorption-based practices such as nano-and biosorbent, membrane separation, activated carbon, organic clays and zeolites have also been studied.…”