Electroconvulsive shock alters the rat overt rhythms of motor activity and temperature without altering the circadian pacemaker

Anglès-Pujolràs, Montserrat; Dı́ez-Noguera, Antoni; Soria, Virginia; Urretavizcaya, Mikel; Menchón, José M.; Cambras, Trinitat

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.07.021

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Under constant dim red light conditions, TASK-3 knock-outs were unchanged relative to wildtype animals in their free running period of running wheel activity and in their responses to phase delaying or advancing light pulses was unchanged relative to wildtype animals (not shown). This lack of an effect on bone fide circadian rhythms does not exclude a role for the channel as an antidepressant target since changes in circadian amplitude associated with changes in mood have not been observed to be accompanied by changes in circadian timing measured under constant lighting conditions (Angles-Pujolras et al, 2009; Szuba et al, 1997). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Electroconvulsive shock treatment of depressed patients and in animal models is also associated with increases in day/night circadian amplitude without affecting circadian timing (e.g. free running period or phase shifting responses to light) (Angles-Pujolras et al, 2009; Szuba et al, 1997). Another hallmark of major depressive disorder (MDD) in human patients is an elevated propensity toward REM sleep, including diminished latency to REM, increased REM density and increased mean time in REM (Steiger and Kimura, 2010), as well as coincident decreases in delta qEEG power occurring during the inactive phase (Borbely et al, 1984; Kupfer et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TASK-3 as a potential antidepressant target

et al. 2011

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Modulation of TASK-3 (Kcnk9) potassium channels affect neurotransmitter release in thalamocortical centers and other sleep-related nuclei having the capacity to regulate arousal cycles and REM sleep changes associated with mood disorders and antidepressant action. Circumstantial evidence from this and previous studies suggest the potential for TASK-3 to be a novel antidepressant therapeutic target; TASK-3 knock-out mice display augmented circadian amplitude and exhibit sleep architecture characterized by suppressed REM activity. Detailed analysis of locomotor activity indicate that the amplitude of activity bout duration and bout number are augmented in TASK-3 mutants well beyond that seen wildtypes, findings substantiated by amplitude increases in body temperature and EEG recordings of sleep stage bouts. Polysomnographic analysis of TASK-3 mutants reveal increases in nocturnal active wake and suppressed REM sleep time while increased slow wave sleep typifies the inactive phase, findings that have implications for the cognitive impact of reduced TASK-3 activity. In direct measures of their resistance to despair behavior, TASK-3 knock-outs displayed significant decreases in immobility relative to wildtype controls in both tail suspension and forced swim tests. Treatment of wildtype animals with the antidepressant Fluoxetine markedly reduced REM sleep, while leaving active wake and slow wave sleep relatively intact. Remarkably, these effects were absent in TASK-3 mutants indicating that TASK-3 is either directly involved in the mechanism of this drug’s action, or participates in parallel pathways that achieve the same effect. Together, these results support the TASK-3 channel to act as a therapeutic target for antidepressant action.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TASK-3 as a potential antidepressant target

et al. 2011

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“…Nevertheless, these studies do not agree on whether seizures or electroshocks result in a phase shift in behavioral rhythms and in what direction the amplitude is altered (Angles-Pujolras et al, 2009;Smith et al, 2009;Stewart & Leung, 2003;Stewart et al, 2006). The influence of seizures on other circadian rhythms has also been studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In the second study, 24-h behavioral rhythms of rodents with chronic atypical absence seizures were recorded and hyperactivity, but no phase shifts, was observed compared with control rodents (Stewart et al, 2006). A recent study showed that electroconvulsive shocks to rats led to a decreased circadian amplitude of activity, but no phase shifts in locomotor or body temperature rhythms were found (Angles-Pujolras et al, 2009). Another group showed similar results after a single generalized seizure; this resulted in a lower amplitude, but no phase shifts of the circadian rest-activity rhythm in Syrian hamsters (Smith et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Chronotypes and Subjective Sleep Parameters in Epilepsy Patients: A Large Questionnaire Study

Hofstra¹,

Gordijn²,

Poel³

et al. 2010

Chronobiology International

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Accumulating evidence suggests epilepsy and seizures may influence circadian rhythms and that circadian rhythms may influence epilepsy. It is also conceivable that seizure timing influences the timing of daily activities, sleeping, and wakefulness (i.e., chronotype). Only one group has studied the distribution of chronotypes of epileptics, showing significant differences between the diurnal activity patterns in two groups of patients with different epilepsy syndromes. The authors performed a questionnaire-based study of 200 epilepsy patients to compare the distribution of chronotypes and subjective sleep parameters of sleep duration and time of mid-sleep on free days to the distribution in the general population (n = 4042). Within this large group of epilepsy patients, we also compared the chronotypes of subsamples with well-defined epilepsy syndromes, i.e., temporal lobe epilepsy [TLE; n = 46], frontal lobe epilepsy [FLE; n = 30], and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy [JME; n = 38]. In addition, 27 patients who had had surgery for TLE were compared with those with TLE who had not had surgery. Both the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and Munich Chronotype Questionnaire were used to determine chronotypes and subjective sleep parameters. Significant differences in morningness/eveningness distribution, timing of mid-sleep (corrected for sleep duration), and total sleep time on free days were found between epileptics and healthy controls. Those with epilepsy were more morning oriented, had earlier mid-sleep on free days, and longer sleep duration on free days (p < .001). However, distributions of chronotypes and sleep parameters between the groups of people with TLE, FLE, and JME did not differ. Persons who had surgery for TLE had similar morningness-eveningness parameters and similar sleep durations compared to those without surgery, but mid-sleep on free days was earlier in operated patients (p = .039). In conclusion, this is the first large study focusing on chronotypes in people with epilepsy. We show that the distribution of chronotypes and subjective sleep parameters of epileptics, in general, is different from that of healthy controls. Nevertheless, no differences are observed between patients with specified epilepsy syndromes, although they exhibit seizures with different diurnal patterns. Our results suggest that epilepsy, itself, rather than seizure timing, has a significant influence on chronotype behavior and subjective sleep parameters.

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