Electroconvulsive therapy increases temporal gray matter volume and cortical thickness

Sartorius, Alexander; Demirakça, Traute; Böhringer, Andreas; Hohenberg, Christian Clemm von; Aksay, Suna Su; Bumb, Jan Malte; Kranaster, Laura; Ende, Gabriele

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.12.036

Cited by 88 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…This is in line with previous studies (Nordanskog et al, 2010;Tendolkar et al, 2013;Abbott et al, 2014;Dukart et al, 2014;Nordanskog et al, 2014;Bouckaert et al, 2015;Jorgensen et al, 2015;Ota et al, 2015;Sartorius et al, 2016). Only two studies found an association between hippocampal volume increase and therapeutic efficacy (Dukart et al, 2014;Joshi et al, 2015).…”

Section: Relationship Between Depressive Symptomatology and Hippocampsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Several recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have described hippocampal volume changes following ECT (Nordanskog et al, 2010;Tendolkar et al, 2013;Abbott et al, 2014;Dukart et al, 2014;Nordanskog et al, 2014;Joshi et al, 2015;Jorgensen et al, 2015;Ota et al, 2015;Bouckaert et al, 2015;Sartorius et al, 2016). Some of these studies have also addressed structural changes in other brain areas relevant to depressive disorders, such as dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex (Jorgensen et al, 2015), lateral temporal cortex (Bouckaert et al, 2015), caudate nucleus (Bouckaert et al, 2015), and amygdala (Tendolkar et al, 2013;Jorgensen et al, 2015;Joshi et al, 2015;Ota et al, 2015;Sartorius et al, 2016). Only one study did not detect gray matter volume changes (Nickl-Jockschat et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship Between Hippocampal Volume, Serum BDNF, and Depression Severity Following Electroconvulsive Therapy in Late-Life Depression

Bouckaert

Dols

Emsell

et al. 2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Recent structural imaging studies have described hippocampal volume changes following electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). It has been proposed that serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (sBDNF)-mediated neuroplasticity contributes critically to brain changes following antidepressant treatment. To date no studies have investigated the relationship between changes in hippocampal volume, mood, and sBDNF following ECT. Here, we combine these measurements in a longitudinal study of severe late-life unipolar depression (LLD). We treated 88 elderly patients with severe LLD twice weekly until remission (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) o10). sBDNF and MADRS were obtained before ECT (T0), after the sixth ECT (T1), 1 week after the last ECT (T2), 4 weeks after the last ECT (T3), and 6 months after the last ECT (T4). Hippocampal volumes were quantified by manual segmentation of 3T structural magnetic resonance images in 66 patients at T0 and T2 and in 23 patients at T0, T2, and T4. Linear mixed models (LMM) were used to examine the evolution of MADRS, sBDNF, and hippocampal volume over time. Following ECT, there was a significant decrease in MADRS scores and a significant increase in hippocampal volume. Hippocampal volume decreased back to baseline values at T4. Compared with T0, sBDNF levels remained unchanged at T1, T2, and T3. There was no coevolution between changes in MADRS scores, hippocampal volume, and sBDNF. Hippocampal volume increase following ECT is an independent neurobiological effect unrelated to sBDNF and depressive symptomatology, suggesting a complex mechanism of action of ECT in LLD.

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Section: Relationship Between Depressive Symptomatology and Hippocampsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Hippocampal Volume, Serum BDNF, and Depression Severity Following Electroconvulsive Therapy in Late-Life Depression

Bouckaert

Dols

Emsell

et al. 2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 Indeed, these brain regions have consistently been cited as being critical in accounting for depressive symptomatology and disease remission in prevailing neurobiological models of depression. 43, 44 Interestingly, volume increases in the left and right MTL were significantly correlated, and we also observed a correlation between volume increases in the left MTL and the rPgACC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to explore the changes in brain structure putatively associated with ECT and have consistently reported volume increases in limbic regions such as the hippocampus, the amygdala or the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain volumetric and metabolic correlates of electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant depression: a longitudinal neuroimaging study

et al. 2017

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Recent research suggests that neuroplastic and neuroinflammatory changes may account for the mode of action of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), although extant data do not allow for a clear disambiguation between these two hypotheses. Multimodal neuroimaging approaches (for example, combining structural and metabolic information) may help in clarifying this issue. Here we aimed to assess longitudinal changes in (i) regional gray matter (GM) volumes and (ii) hippocampal metabolite concentrations throughout an acute course of bitemporal ECT, as well as (iii) to determine the association between imaging changes and clinical improvement. We assessed 12 patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) at four time points (pre-treatment, after the first ECT session, after the ninth ECT session and 15 days after ECT course completion) and 10 healthy participants at two time points, 5 weeks apart. Patients with TRD showed bilateral medial temporal lobe (MTL) and perigenual anterior cingulate cortex volume increases. Left MTL volume increase was associated with (i) a hippocampal N-acetylaspartate concentration decrease, (ii) a hippocampal Glutamate+Glutamine concentration increase and (iii) significant clinical improvement. The observed findings are, in part, compatible with both neuroplastic and neuroinflammatory changes induced by ECT. We postulate that such phenomena may be interrelated, therefore reconciling the neuroplasticity and neuroinflammatory hypotheses of ECT action.

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“…In addition, imipramine normalizes cell proliferation in the HIPP in a rat model of depression. Similarly, animal and human studies indicate that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can also reverse the morphological volume reduction of the HIPP . Furthermore, cognitive behavioral therapy induces an increase in the HIPP in depression .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateralized hippocampal volume increase following high‐frequency left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with major depression

Hayasaka

Nakamura

Noda

et al. 2017

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been applied as a treatment for patients with treatment-resistant depression in recent years, and a large body of evidence has demonstrated its therapeutic efficacy through stimulating neuronal plasticity. The aim of this study was to investigate structural alterations in the hippocampus (HIPP) and amygdala (AM) following conventional rTMS in patients with depression.Methods: Twenty-eight patients with depression underwent 10 daily 20-Hz left prefrontal rTMS over 2 weeks. The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was identified using magnetic resonance imaging-guided neuronavigation prior to stimulation. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained at baseline and after the completion of rTMS sessions. The therapeutic effects of rTMS were evaluated with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D 17 ), and the volumes of the HIPP and AM were measured by a manual tracing method.Results: Statistical analyses revealed a significant volume increase in the left HIPP (+3.4%) after rTMS but no significant volume change in the AM. No correlation was found between the left HIPP volume increase and clinical improvement, as measured by the HAM-D 17 . Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that conventional left prefrontal rTMS increases the HIPP volume in the stimulated side, indicating a remote neuroplastic effect through the cingulum bundle.

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Electroconvulsive therapy increases temporal gray matter volume and cortical thickness

Cited by 88 publications

References 72 publications

Relationship Between Hippocampal Volume, Serum BDNF, and Depression Severity Following Electroconvulsive Therapy in Late-Life Depression

Relationship Between Hippocampal Volume, Serum BDNF, and Depression Severity Following Electroconvulsive Therapy in Late-Life Depression

Brain volumetric and metabolic correlates of electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant depression: a longitudinal neuroimaging study

Lateralized hippocampal volume increase following high‐frequency left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with major depression

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