Electroconvulsive therapy increases temporarily plasma vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with major depressive disorder

Sorri, Annamari; Järventausta, Kaija; Kampman, Olli; Kai, Li; Björkqvist, Minna; Tuohimaa, Kati; Hämäläinen, Mari; Moilanen, Eeva; Leìnonen, Esa

doi:10.1002/brb3.2001

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In particular, animal studies have reported that rats subjected to electroconvulsive stimulation show increased genesis of hippocampal neurons with the potential for long-term survival (Altar et al, 2003; Madsen et al, 2005; Olesen et al, 2017). In humans, ECT is associated with a rapid and widespread increase in gray atter volume in the post-treatment phase (Ousdal et al, 2020), as well as an increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (Sorri et al, 2021; Vanicek et al, 2019). However, the promptness of these volumetric changes suggests that neurogenesis is unlikely to be the only mediating factor for the volumetric effects of ECT (Ousdal et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroconvulsive therapy increases cortical thickness in depression: A systematic review

Tommaso,

Giulia,

Niccolò

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most studied and validated available treatments for severe or treatment-resistant depression. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying the ECT treatment. This systematic review aims to critically review all structural magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating longitudinal cortical thickness (CT) changes after ECT in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression. Methods: We performed a search on PubMed, Medline, and Embase to identify all available studies published before April 20, 2023. A total of 10 studies were included. Results: The investigations showed widespread increases in CT after ECT in depressed patients, involving mainly the temporal, insular, and frontal regions. In five studies, CT increases in a non-overlapping set of brain areas correlated with the clinical efficacy of ECT. The small sample size, heterogeneity in terms of populations, medications, comorbidities, and ECT protocols, and the lack of a control group in some investigations limit the generalizability of the results. Conclusions: Our findings support the idea that ECT can increase CT in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. It remains unclear whether these changes are related to the clinical response. Future larger studies with longer follow-up are warranted to thoroughly address the potential role of CT as a biomarker of clinical response after ECT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroconvulsive therapy increases cortical thickness in depression: A systematic review

Tommaso,

Giulia,

Niccolò

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In particular, animal studies have reported that rats subjected to electroconvulsive stimulation show increased genesis of hippocampal neurons with the potential for long-term survival (Altar et al, 2003;Madsen et al, 2005;Olesen et al, 2017). In humans, ECT is associated with a rapid and widespread increase in GM volume in the post-treatment phase (Ousdal et al, 2020), as well as an increased BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (Vanicek et al, 2019;Sorri et al, 2021). However, the promptness of these volumetric changes suggests that neurogenesis is unlikely to be the only mediating factor for the volumetric effects of ECT (Ousdal et al, 2022).…”

Section: Biological Significance Of Ct Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cortical thickness in depression: a systematic review

Toffanin,

Cattarinussi,

Ghiotto

et al. 2024

Acta Neuropsychiatr.

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Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most studied and validated available treatments for severe or treatment-resistant depression. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying the ECT treatment. This systematic review aims to critically review all structural magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating longitudinal cortical thickness (CT) changes after ECT in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression. Methods: We performed a search on PubMed, Medline, and Embase to identify all available studies published before April 20, 2023. A total of 10 studies were included. Results: The investigations showed widespread increases in CT after ECT in depressed patients, involving mainly the temporal, insular, and frontal regions. In five studies, CT increases in a non-overlapping set of brain areas correlated with the clinical efficacy of ECT. The small sample size, heterogeneity in terms of populations, comorbidities, and ECT protocols, and the lack of a control group in some investigations limit the generalizability of the results. Conclusions: Our findings support the idea that ECT can increase CT in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. It remains unclear whether these changes are related to the clinical response. Future larger studies with longer follow-up are warranted to thoroughly address the potential role of CT as a biomarker of clinical response after ECT.

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“…Clinical assessments, blood collection, and laboratory procedures were performed at week 8 for all the patients in a similar manner as at baseline. Seven factor scores were assessed using the Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD-24), 28,29 including anxiety/somatization (items 10-13, 15, and 17), weight loss (item 16), cognitive disturbance (items 2, 3, 9, and 19-21), diurnal variation (item 18), retardation (items 1, 7, 8, and 14), sleep disturbance (items 4-6), and hopelessness (items [22][23][24]. 30 The agreement rate between the two psychiatrists was 0.8, which was expressed as the kappa value.…”

Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) 31 is divided into two structural factors: psychic anxiety (items 1-6, and 14) and somatic anxiety (items 7-13). 32 The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) 33 is a 10-item clinician-administered scale for the measurement of depression, with validated clinical cutoff points for severe (>34), moderate (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34), mild (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and asymptomatic (<7) depression.…”

Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 Given that brain angiogenesis regulation is associated with antidepressant efficacies, 15,16 changes in serum and plasma neurotrophic factors may be a good marker for clinical response and prognosis in MD. 17,18 Despite some contradictory findings [19][20][21] owing to small sample sizes, large sample heterogeneity, 22 and timing of blood sampling, 21,23 increasing evidence [24][25][26] suggests a link between ECT and angioneurins. 27 Moreover, angioneurins have been predicted to regulate neurogenesis and mediate the effects of ECT on neuroplasticity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum angioneurin levels following electroconvulsive therapy for mood disorders

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesThe efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating mood disorders (MDs) is hypothesized to be mediated by the induction of neurotrophic factors (denoted “angioneurins”) that trigger neuronal plasticity. This study aimed to assess the effects of ECT on serum angioneurin levels in patients with MD.MethodsA total of 110 patients with MDs including 30 with unipolar depression, 25 with bipolar depression (BD), 55 with bipolar mania (BM), and 50 healthy controls were included in the study. Patients were subdivided into two groups: those who received ECT + medication (12 ECT sessions) and those who received only medication (no‐ECT). Depressive and manic symptom assessments and measurements of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor‐2, nerve growth factor (NGF), and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 levels in blood samples were performed at baseline and week 8.ResultsPatients in the ECT group, specifically those with BD and BM, had significantly increased levels of VEGF compared to their baseline VEGF levels (p = 0.002). No significant changes in angioneurin levels were observed in the no‐ECT group. Serum NGF levels were significantly associated with a reduction in depressive symptoms. Angioneurin levels were not associated with manic symptom reduction.ConclusionsThis study hints that ECT may increase VEGF levels with angiogenic mechanisms that amplify NGF signaling to promote neurogenesis. It may also contribute to changes in brain function and emotional regulation. However, further animal experiments and clinical validation are needed.

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Electroconvulsive therapy increases temporarily plasma vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with major depressive disorder

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Electroconvulsive therapy increases cortical thickness in depression: A systematic review

Electroconvulsive therapy increases cortical thickness in depression: A systematic review

Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cortical thickness in depression: a systematic review

Serum angioneurin levels following electroconvulsive therapy for mood disorders

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