Electrocortical effects of early postnatal thyroxine administration in the rat☆

Salas, Manuel; Díaz, Sofía González; Cintra, L.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(76)90071-8

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Thyroid hormones have profound effects on several aspects of early brain development and seizure threshold. Increased levels of myelin and thyroid hormones could increase the excitability of the CNS by lowering the threshold for various types of stimuli (Salas et al, 1976). Woodbury et al (1952) showed that administration of thyroxine decreased the threshold for pentylenetetrazol or electroshockinduced seizures in rats, whereas thyroidectomy or the administration of propylthiouracil had the reverse effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizure Threshold in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy with Graves Disease

Izumi²,

Kitsu³

et al. 1993

Epilepsia

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Thyroxine lowers the seizure threshold in experimental animals and humans. We report juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) in two female patients with Graves' disease who had exophthalmos at age 11 (patient 1) and age 12 years (patient 2) but remained untreated until onset of seizures at ages 15 and 13 years, respectively. Seizures were not controlled well despite administration of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during the periods of excess serum thyroid hormones in Graves disease. When the serum levels of T3 were reduced to < 220 ng/dl with antithyroid drug treatment, both clinical seizures and paroxysmal EEG abnormalities disappeared despite discontinuation of AEDs and sleep deprivation. JME was noted only during periods of excess thyroid hormone and low compliance with antithyroid drug treatment. The excessively high level of thyroid hormones may have been a factor in precipitating the onset of JME.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizure Threshold in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy with Graves Disease

Izumi²,

Kitsu³

et al. 1993

Epilepsia

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“…Cerebellum growth is also noticeably affected by slight alterations in the level of thyroid hormone (8). Furthermore, Salas et al (9) reported that the presence of an excess level of thyroid hormone during early stages of brain development could significantly advance and exaggerate responsiveness to various types of environmental stimuli.-Hence, the inherent susceptibility of D2 mice to sound-induced seizures might be related to an elevated level of thyroid hormone during early periods of brain development. This report demonstrates that the levels of serum thyroxine (T) peak earlier and are significantly higher in D2 mice than in B6 mice during critical stages of brain development.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The increased level of CNS myelin and the early underdevelopment of the cerebellum observed in D2 mice (1, 3) may both be consequences of the elevated T4 levels in these mice. An early increase in T4 levels could also disturb the normal balance between excitatory and inhibitory actions and thus exaggerate responsiveness to auditory stimulation at later ages (9). Hence, the AS susceptibility of D2 mice, which is maximal between 16 to 25 days of age (1), may be related to the early elevation of T4 levels.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The estimated amplitudes of these higher-frequency combination tones are generally 20 to 40 decibels below the amplitude of the primary tones. The most frequently advanced reason for the inaudibility of combination tones above the primary frequencies is that, owing to the asymmetry 8f maskinglow-frequency tones mas high tones more than the re'verse-tfie higher-frequency combination tones may be masked by the primary tones (4,6,8,9). However, determining whether higherfrequency combination tones are not present or are present but inaudible is difficult.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Thyroid Hormone Influence on the Susceptibility of Mice to Audiogenic Seizures

Seyfried

Glaser

1979

Science

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Serum thyroxine levels peak earlier and are significantly higher in audiogenic seizure-susceptible DBA/2J mice than in seizure-resistant C57BL/6J mice during early postnatal life. The seizure susceptibility of DBA/2J mice is suppressed by administration of an antithyroid drug or by radiothyroidectomy, while the seizure susceptibility of C57BL/6J mice is enhanced by treatment with excess thyroxine.

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“…Excess thyroid hormone in the neonatal rat or mouse affects a variety of central nervous system (CNS) processes, yielding a brief preweaning period of accelerated development followed by long-term physical and behavioral impairment (Davenport & Gonzalez, 1973;Murphy & Nagy, 1976;Schapiro, 1971). While many of the biochemical, electrophysiological, and anatomical correlates of thyroxine-accelerated maturation have been demonstrated during early development (Geel & Timiras, 1967 ;Salas, Diaz, & Cintra, 1976;Schapiro, 1968 ;Schapiro, Vukovich, & Globus, 1973), considerably less information has accumulated with respect to the postweaning period of behavioral deficits. Such deficiencies have been generally attributed to the premature termination of certain phases of CNS development as a result of thyroxine-accelerated maturation (Schapiro, 1968(Schapiro, ,1971.…”

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confidence: 99%