Electrocortical Evidence for Impaired Affective Picture Processing after Long-Term Immobilization

Brauns, Katharina; Werner, Anika; Gunga, Hanns‐Christian; Maggioni, Martina Anna; Dinges, David F.; Stahn, Alexander

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-52555-1

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Previous research also found evidence for changes in emotional processing during a 30-day 6° HDBR study using event-related potentials (ERP), with an inhibition of P300 and late positive potential (LPP) components for emotional stimuli, but not neutral pictures, suggestive of emotional blunting ( Brauns et al, 2019 ). Messerotti Benvenuti et al (2013) likewise found emotional blunting in P300 and LPP components after only 3 h of 6° HDBR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Continuous and Intermittent Artificial Gravity as a Countermeasure to the Cognitive Effects of 60 Days of Head-Down Tilt Bed Rest

et al. 2021

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Environmental and psychological stressors can adversely affect astronaut cognitive performance in space. This study used a 6° head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) paradigm to simulate some of the physiologic changes induced by microgravity. Twenty-four participants (mean ± SD age 33.3 ± 9.2 years, N = 16 men) spent 60 consecutive days in strict HDBR. They were studied in three groups of eight subjects each. One group served as Control, whereas the other two groups received either a continuous or intermittent artificial gravity (AG) countermeasure of 30 min centrifugation daily (1 g acceleration at the center of mass and 2 g at the feet). Participants performed all 10 tests of NASA’s Cognition battery and a brief alertness and mood survey repeatedly before, during, and after the HDBR period. Test scores were adjusted for practice and stimulus set difficulty effects. A modest but statistically significant slowing across a range of cognitive domains was found in all three groups during HDBR compared to baseline, most consistently for sensorimotor speed, whereas accuracy was unaffected. These changes were observed early during HDBR and did not further worsen or improve with increasing time in HDBR, except for emotion recognition performance. With increasing time spent in HDBR, participants required longer time to decide which facial emotion was expressed. They were also more likely to select categories with negative valence over categories with neutral or positive valence. Except for workload, which was rated lower in the Control group, continuous or intermittent AG did not modify the effect of HDBR on cognitive performance or subjective responses. Participants expressed several negative survey responses during HDBR relative to baseline, and some of the responses further deteriorated during recovery, which highlights the importance of adequate medical and psychological support during extended duration HDBR studies. In conclusion, 60 days of HDBR were associated with moderate cognitive slowing and changes in emotion recognition performance, but these effects were not mitigated by either continuous or intermittent exposure to AG for 30 min daily.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Continuous and Intermittent Artificial Gravity as a Countermeasure to the Cognitive Effects of 60 Days of Head-Down Tilt Bed Rest

et al. 2021

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“…In addition to exploring the relationship between circadian disruptions and sleep in future studies, it will also be important to identify the effects of circadian changes on behavior and cognition. Several studies have shown adverse effects of bed rest on brain function and cognitive performance ( Lipnicki and Gunga, 2009 ; Brauns et al, 2019 ; Friedl-Werner et al, 2020 ; Basner et al, 2021 ), mental health ( Liu et al, 2012 ; Stavrou et al, 2018 ), cardio-vascular changes ( Solbiati et al, 2021 ), and metabolic regulation ( Dandanell et al, 2016 ; Dirks et al, 2016 ) that can be associated with a lack of sleep ( Mullington et al, 2009 ; Anderson and Bradley, 2013 ; Goel et al, 2013 ). To mitigate the adverse neurophysiological and psychological effects associated with circadian disruptions, effective countermeasures are needed to maintain the entrainment of central and peripheral clocks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Bed Rest Delays the Circadian Phase of Core Body Temperature

et al. 2021

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Spaceflight can be associated with sleep loss and circadian misalignment as a result of non-24 h light-dark cycles, operational shifts in work/rest cycles, high workload under pressure, and psychological factors. Head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) is an established model to mimic some of the physiological and psychological adaptions observed in spaceflight. Data on the effects of HDBR on circadian rhythms are scarce. To address this gap, we analyzed the change in the circadian rhythm of core body temperature (CBT) in two 60-day HDBR studies sponsored by the European Space Agency [n = 13 men, age: 31.1 ± 8.2 years (M ± SD)]. CBT was recorded for 36 h using a non-invasive and validated dual-sensor heatflux technology during the 3rd and the 8th week of HDBR. Bed rest induced a significant phase delay from the 3rd to the 8th week of HDBR (16.23 vs. 16.68 h, p = 0.005, g = 0.85) irrespective of the study site (p = 0.416, g = −0.46), corresponding to an average phase delay of about 0.9 min per day of HDBR. In conclusion, long-term bed rest weakens the entrainment of the circadian system to the 24-h day. We attribute this effect to the immobilization and reduced physical activity levels associated with HDBR. Given the critical role of diurnal rhythms for various physiological functions and behavior, our findings highlight the importance of monitoring circadian rhythms in circumstances in which gravity or physical activity levels are altered.

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“…The increase in amplitudes can be attributed to a compensatory process in the control group that enabled them to fi nger tap correctly. Other bed rest studies addressing VEPs lack or focus on other paradigms and later ERP components (e.g., P3; Brauns et al, 2019). Considering bed rest as a model for an accelerated form of aging (Timiras, 1994;Vernikos & Schneider, 2009), results on aging studies and P2 latency parameters are mixed; some studies have shown increased P2 latencies (Goodin et al, 1978;Iragui et al, 1993;Pfeff erbaum et al, 1979Pfeff erbaum et al, , 1980, whereas others have reported no signifi cant age-related changes (Amenedo & Díaz, 1998, 1999Zalar et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kognitivno spodbudno okolje lahko ublaži višje nevronske potrebe za procesiranje vidnih dražljajev po večdnevni hospitalizaciji

Marušič¹,

Pišot²,

Kavčič³

2021

psio

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Prolonged periods of complete physical inactivity or bed rest trigger various alterations in the functional and metabolic levels of the human body. However, bed rest-related adaptations of the central nervous system are less known and thoroughly studied. The aim of this study was to investigate brain electrophysiological changes using event-related potentials (ERPs) after 14 days of bed rest and 12 consecutive sessions of computerized cognitive training (CCT). Sixteen older (Mage= 60 years) healthy volunteers were randomly divided into a CCT treatment group and an active control group. All participants performed ERP measurements based on the foveal visual presentation of a circle on a black background before and after bed rest. After 14 days of bed rest, participants in the control group showed increased peak P1 amplitude (p = .012), decreased P1 latency (p = .024), and increased P2 amplitude (p = .036), while the CCT group also showed decreased P1 latency (p = .023) and decreased P2 latency (p = .049). Our results suggest that, even from a central adaptation perspective, prolonged periods of physical inactivity or bed rest trigger additional neural recruitment and should therefore be minimized, and that CCT may serve as a tool to mitigate this. Future research should focus on other aspects of central nervous system adaptation following periods of immobilization/hospitalization to improve our knowledge of influence of physical inactivity and its effects on cortical activity and to develop appropriate countermeasures to mitigate functional dysregulation.

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Electrocortical Evidence for Impaired Affective Picture Processing after Long-Term Immobilization

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Continuous and Intermittent Artificial Gravity as a Countermeasure to the Cognitive Effects of 60 Days of Head-Down Tilt Bed Rest

Continuous and Intermittent Artificial Gravity as a Countermeasure to the Cognitive Effects of 60 Days of Head-Down Tilt Bed Rest

Long-Term Bed Rest Delays the Circadian Phase of Core Body Temperature

Kognitivno spodbudno okolje lahko ublaži višje nevronske potrebe za procesiranje vidnih dražljajev po večdnevni hospitalizaciji

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