Electrocorticographic high‐gamma modulation with passive listening paradigm for pediatric extraoperative language mapping

Abstract

HGM associated with story listening is a specific determinant of left hemisphere ESM language sites. It can be used for presurgical language mapping in children who cannot cooperate with conventional language tasks requiring active engagement. Incorporation of additional language tasks, if feasible, can further improve the diagnostic accuracy of language localization with HGM.

Four‐dimensional functional cortical maps of visual and auditory language: Intracranial recording

“…You might answer “bird” or “plane,” if you are verbally asked: “What flies in the sky?” Word finding abilities in the visual or auditory domain are crucial for humans. Visual object naming (referred to as “picture naming” below) and auditory description naming (“auditory naming”) are commonly used for evaluation of baseline language competence as well as for localization of language‐related eloquent areas in patients scheduled to undergo epilepsy surgery . Transient language impairment elicited by electrical stimulation and task‐related neural activation on electrocorticography (ECoG) or functional MRI (fMRI) are useful biomarkers for localization of eloquent areas in clinical practice .…”

Development of information sharing in language neocortex in childhood‐onset drug‐resistant epilepsy

“…Additionally, during story listening, age at onset of seizures also had a significant relationship with MI between Broca's area and Wernicke's area. 6,7,15,34,35 Despite efforts to ensure methodological rigor, this study has some unavoidable limitations. Linear regression models for mutual information (y-axis) between pairs of language cortical regions during picture naming are shown as functions of age (x-axis).…”

“…It is known that HGM associated with hearing words (compared to hearing tones) involves Wernicke's area and PAC, sometimes also including cortical sites that do not show speech/language dysfunction on ESM. 7 Hence, increasing MI with age between Wernicke's area and FAC/PAC likely represents an important role of Wernicke's area in transferring information contained in auditory speech representations to association cortices. The thickness of the arrows corresponds with mean mutual information in the age group, whereas color indicates statistical significance (red, P ≤ 0.0032, Šidák-corrected P value for 16 independent regression models; orange, 0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.0032, suggesting a trend but not meeting criteria for statistical significance; blue, P > 0.05) observations in children and showed that HGM during story listening has higher specificity and accuracy to determine ESM language sites in the posterior compared to frontal ROIs.…”

“…2,7 The onsets of picture displays, story, and noise periods were synchronized to the ECoG signals as digital pulses input on separate channels through a trigger box (g.tec medical engineering).…”

“…1 ECoG HGM has shown high specificity for determination of ESM language sites, across different patient cohorts and language tasks, although the HGM topography may be distinctive for a given task. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Also, unlike the binary results of ESM, HGM has been used to study spatiotemporal dynamics of language networks in both children and adults, revealing subnetworks participating in different components of cognitive processes. [8][9][10] Generally, the topography of language-related HGM has been comparable between children and adults.…”