Electrode potential, inflammatory solution chemistry and temperature alter Ti-6Al-4V oxide film properties

Kurtz, Michael A.; Wessinger, Audrey C.; Taylor, L.; Gilbert, Jeremy L.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142770

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Atomic force microscopy of the oxide overtop titanium and its alloys reveals homogenous, closely packed domes. [55] When subjected to inflammatory species, these domes become fuzzy (when imaged in AFM), indicating defects in the oxide film. [55,56] Additionally, FIB-SEM of dissolved and cross sectioned Ti-6Al-4V surfaces reveals structural differences in the oxide overtop 𝛼 and the oxide overtop 𝛽.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[55] When subjected to inflammatory species, these domes become fuzzy (when imaged in AFM), indicating defects in the oxide film. [55,56] Additionally, FIB-SEM of dissolved and cross sectioned Ti-6Al-4V surfaces reveals structural differences in the oxide overtop 𝛼 and the oxide overtop 𝛽. [47] While the oxide over top 𝛼 remains closely packed, voids appear in the 𝛽 oxide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Neural Network Predicts Ti‐6Al‐4V Dissolution State Using Near‐Field Impedance Spectra

Kurtz,

Yang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Retrieval studies document Ti‐6Al‐4V selective dissolution within crevices of total hip replacement devices. A gap persists in the fundamental understanding of Ti‐6Al‐4V crevice corrosion in vivo and its impact on local impedance. Previous studies use nearfield electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (nEIS) for characterization of retrieved CoCrMo surfaces and phase angle symmetry‐based EIS (sbEIS) for rapid data acquisition. In this study, these methods are combined with a deep neural network to characterize the local impedance changes after selective dissolution. It is hypothesized that structural changes occurring during dissolution will manifest as property changes to the oxide film capacitance. First, after sustained cathodic activation, the Ti‐6Al‐4V β phase selectively dissolves from the surface. Next, nEIS acquires n = 100 control and n = 105 dissolved spectra. Over dissolved regions, oxide capacitance significantly increases (Log10Q = ‐4.17 versus ‐4.78 (Scm−2(s)α), p = 0.000). Using single frequency EIS (5000 Hz), a capacitance‐based scanning impedance microscopy method identifies dissolved regions within seconds. Finally, Bode phase plots of the 205 control and dissolved nEIS spectra are input into a deep neural network. After training with n = 180 spectra, the model predicts the surface state for n = 25 previously unseen nEIS spectra with 96% accuracy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Neural Network Predicts Ti‐6Al‐4V Dissolution State Using Near‐Field Impedance Spectra

Kurtz,

Yang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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“…In the Mott–Schottky plot, the T CPE (CPE constant (CPE: constant phase element)) values were shown on the y -axis because parts of the T CPE values could not be converted to C scl (capacitance of a space charge layer) values owing to the difference in the equivalent circuit. The difference between the T CPE and C scl affects the slopes of the fitting lines, whereas the intercepts remain relatively unchanged. , A flat-band potential ( E FB ) is estimated from an intercept of a Mott–Schottky plot. Therefore, the Mott–Schottky plots obtained by using the T CPE values could be used to estimate only the E FB .…”

Section: Fabrication Of the Thin Film A-tio2:nb Electrode For The Rev...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Photoelectrochemical Reactions at Solid/Solid Interfaces toward Solar Energy Conversion and Storage

Watanabe,

Horisawa,

Yoshimoto

et al. 2024

Nano Lett.

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Electrochemistry has extended from reactions at solid/liquid interfaces to those at solid/solid interfaces. However, photoelectrochemistry at solid/solid interfaces has been hardly reported. In this study, we achieve a stable photoelectrochemical reaction at the semiconductor-electrode/solid-electrolyte interface in a Nb-doped anatase-TiO 2 (a-TiO 2 :Nb)/Li 3 PO 4 (LPO)/Li all-solidstate cell. The oxidative currents of a-TiO 2 :Nb/LPO/Li increase upon light irradiation when a-TiO 2 :Nb is located at a potential that is more positive than its flat-band potential. This is because the photoexcited electrons migrate to the current collector due to the bending of the conduction band minimum toward the negative potential. The photoelectrochemical reaction at the semiconductor/solid-electrolyte interface is driven by the same principle as those at semiconductor/liquid-electrolyte interfaces. Moreover, oxidation under light irradiation exhibits reversibility with reduction in the dark. Thus, we extend photoelectrochemistry to all-solid-state systems composed of solid/solid interfaces. This extension would enable us to investigate photoelectrochemical phenomena uncleared at solid/liquid interfaces because of low stability and durability.

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Oxide degradation precedes additively manufactured Ti‐6Al‐4V selective dissolution: An unsupervised machine learning correlation of impedance and dissolution compared to Ti‐29Nb‐21Zr

Kurtz,

Alaniz,

Kurtz

et al. 2023

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Additively manufactured (AM) Ti‐6Al‐4V devices are implanted with increasing frequency. While registry data report short‐term success, a gap persists in our understanding of long‐term AM Ti‐6Al‐4V corrosion behavior. Retrieval studies document β phase selective dissolution on conventionally manufactured Ti‐6Al‐4V devices. Researchers reproduce this damage in vitro by combining negative potentials (cathodic activation) and inflammatory simulating solutions (H2O2‐phosphate buffered saline). In this study, we investigate the effects of these adverse electrochemical conditions on AM Ti‐6Al‐4V impedance and selective dissolution. We hypothesize that cathodic activation and H2O2 solution will degrade the oxide, promoting corrosion. First, we characterized AM Ti‐6Al‐4V samples before and after a 48 h −0.4 V hold in 0.1 M H2O2/phosphate buffered saline. Next, we acquired nearfield electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data. Finally, we captured micrographs and EIS during dissolution. Throughout, we used AM Ti‐29Nb‐21Zr as a comparison. After 48 h, AM Ti‐6Al‐4V selectively dissolved. Ti‐29Nb‐21Zr visually corroded less. Structural changes at the AM Ti‐6Al‐4V oxide interface manifested as property changes to the impedance. After dissolution, the log‐adjusted constant phase element (CPE) parameter, Q, significantly increased from −4.75 to −3.84 (Scm−2(s)α) (p = .000). The CPE exponent, α, significantly decreased from .90 to .84 (p = .000). Next, we documented a systematic decrease in oxide polarization resistance before pit nucleation and growth. Last, using k‐means clustering, we established a structure–property relationship between impedance and the surface's dissolution state. These results suggest that AM Ti‐6Al‐4V may be susceptible to in vivo crevice corrosion within modular taper junctions.

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Electrode potential, inflammatory solution chemistry and temperature alter Ti-6Al-4V oxide film properties

Cited by 8 publications

References 57 publications

Deep Neural Network Predicts Ti‐6Al‐4V Dissolution State Using Near‐Field Impedance Spectra

Deep Neural Network Predicts Ti‐6Al‐4V Dissolution State Using Near‐Field Impedance Spectra

Stable Photoelectrochemical Reactions at Solid/Solid Interfaces toward Solar Energy Conversion and Storage

Oxide degradation precedes additively manufactured Ti‐6Al‐4V selective dissolution: An unsupervised machine learning correlation of impedance and dissolution compared to Ti‐29Nb‐21Zr

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