Electrodeposited Germanium Nanowires

Mahenderkar, Naveen K.; Liu, Ying-Chau; Koza, Jakub Adam; Switzer, Jay A.

doi:10.1021/nn503784d

Cited by 59 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[42,43] In order to directly observe the morphological change of the Sb-coated porous Ge during the discharge/charge process, we have conducted a single particle morphology measurement during discharge-charge through in situ SEM. [46,47] When lithium is removed from the particle, the volume decreases, but it is a little larger than that of the initial stage at the end of charge. Energy Mater.…”

Section: Structure Characterization During Discharge-chargementioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting Superior Lithium Storage Performance of Alloy‐Based Anode Materials via Ultraconformal Sb Coating–Derived Favorable Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase

Xiong

Zhou

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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Alloy materials such as Si and Ge are attractive as high‐capacity anodes for rechargeable batteries, but such anodes undergo severe capacity degradation during discharge–charge processes. Compared to the over‐emphasized efforts on the electrode structure design to mitigate the volume changes, understanding and engineering of the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) are significantly lacking. This work demonstrates that modifying the surface of alloy‐based anode materials by building an ultraconformal layer of Sb can significantly enhance their structural and interfacial stability during cycling. Combined experimental and theoretical studies consistently reveal that the ultraconformal Sb layer is dynamically converted to Li3Sb during cycling, which can selectively adsorb and catalytically decompose electrolyte additives to form a robust, thin, and dense LiF‐dominated SEI, and simultaneously restrain the decomposition of electrolyte solvents. Hence, the Sb‐coated porous Ge electrode delivers much higher initial Coulombic efficiency of 85% and higher reversible capacity of 1046 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 500 mA g−1, compared to only 72% and 170 mAh g−1 for bare porous Ge. The present finding has indicated that tailoring surface structures of electrode materials is an appealing approach to construct a robust SEI and achieve long‐term cycling stability for alloy‐based anode materials.

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Section: Structure Characterization During Discharge-chargementioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting Superior Lithium Storage Performance of Alloy‐Based Anode Materials via Ultraconformal Sb Coating–Derived Favorable Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase

Xiong

Zhou

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…There are two categories of electrochemical deposition: template-assisted method [74][75][76] and template-free method. [77][78][79][80][81] Au nanoparticles coating Ni nano wires have been prepared by Kim et al through the method of electrodeposition. [74] As illustrated in Figure 6a, the researchers used anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) membrane as the template and made Ni nanoparticles deposite on AAO as seeds for the growth of Ni nanowires.…”

Section: Electrochemical Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1D Nanomaterials: Design, Synthesis, and Applications in Sodium–Ion Batteries

Jin

Han

Wang

et al. 2017

Small

201

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Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have received extensive attention as ideal candidates for large-scale energy storage systems (ESSs) owing to the rich resources and low cost of sodium (Na). However, the larger size of Na and the less negative redox potential of Na /Na result in low energy densities, short cycling life, and the sluggish kinetics of SIBs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop appropriate Na storage electrode materials with the capability to host larger Na and fast ion diffusion kinetics. 1D materials such as nanofibers, nanotubes, nanorods, and nanowires, are generally considered to be high-capacity and stable electrode materials, due to their uniform structure, orientated electronic and ionic transport, and strong tolerance to stress change. Here, the synthesis of 1D nanomaterials and their applications in SIBs are reviewed. In addition, the prospects of 1D nanomaterials on energy conversion and storage as well as the development and application orientation of SIBs are presented.

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“…5,[35][36][37] More recently, an electrochemical electrolyte-liquid-solid analog has been demonstrated for growth of Ge nanowires. [38][39][40] In another approach nanowire growth of metallic nanostructures capitalizes on the intrinsic or additive engineered anisotropic energetics and/or growth kinetics on different crystal facets. 21,41 For example, adsorption of anions or dilute metal ion additives, via under potential deposition (upd), enables fabrication of structures such as Au nanospikes of moderate aspect ratio using a Pb additive 42,43 and highly faceted, moderately elongated dendrite-like grains using Tl as an additive 44 on unpatterned substrates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Transitions during Au Electrodeposition: From Porous Films to Compact Films and Nanowires

Josell

Levin

Moffat

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Gold electrodeposition was studied in a sulfite electrolyte to which micromolar concentrations of Tl 2 SO 4 were added. Hysteresis and a regime of negative differential resistance (NDR) evident in electroanalytical measurements are correlated with deposit morphology and interpreted through measurements of thallium underpotential deposition (upd). Deposit morphologies range from specular surfaces to highly faceted dendrite-like grains of moderate aspect ratio and, for potentials within the NDR region, sub-50 nm diameter, high aspect ratio 110 oriented single crystal nanowires. The nanowires exhibit an epitaxial relationship to the substrate that permits one step fabrication of surfaces densely covered with high aspect ratio nanowires having controlled orientations. The NDR and nanowires are a consequence of the non-monotonic relationship between Tl coverage and growth velocity; at low coverage Tl accelerates Au deposition while at higher coverage it inhibits deposition. Immiscibility of the Tl and Au supports on-going surface segregation during area expansion that accompanies nanowire growth leading to greater dilution of the additive coverage and more rapid growth at the nanowire tips, while the sidewalls remain passivated by a saturated Tl coverage. Interest in nanostructures is driven by the unique properties associated with high surface area to volume materials that express quantum or mesoscale phenomena of importance to diverse subjects ranging from biology and medicine 1-3 to optics and energy conversion. [4][5][6][7] Of particular interest is the substantial literature on solution or vapor processing to yield a wide variety of nanostructures including high aspect ratio nanowires. 4,8,9 Solution-based, chemical reduction processes are attractive because they are inexpensive and scalable.9-18 Subsequent processing involving particle packing and/or substrate interactions can lead to higher order organization and colloidal crystals.19 Alternatively, nanostructures can be grown on or in surfaces that have been shaped by lithography or other means to obtain control of orientation and/or placement.8 Electrochemical processing may involve throughmask plating in patterned templates 20,21 or superconformal electrodeposition of metals and alloys [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] including gold 32-34 in high aspect ratio features. However, these processes require nanoscale patterned topography to create such structures and the associated patterning often comes with increased processing complexity.Controlled anisotropic growth and orientation, if not position, is possible through vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth processes. Fabrication of semiconductor and oxide nanowires typically uses dewetting of a low melting point metal catalyst where the resulting clusters set the feature size while epitaxy to the underlying substrate can control the growth orientation. 5,[35][36][37] More recently, an electrochemical electrolyte-liquid-solid analog has been demonstrated for growth of Ge nanowires. [38][39][40] In another ap...

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Electrodeposited Germanium Nanowires

Cited by 59 publications

References 35 publications

Boosting Superior Lithium Storage Performance of Alloy‐Based Anode Materials via Ultraconformal Sb Coating–Derived Favorable Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase

Boosting Superior Lithium Storage Performance of Alloy‐Based Anode Materials via Ultraconformal Sb Coating–Derived Favorable Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase

1D Nanomaterials: Design, Synthesis, and Applications in Sodium–Ion Batteries

Morphological Transitions during Au Electrodeposition: From Porous Films to Compact Films and Nanowires

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