Electrodeposition of Magnesium and Beryllium from Organic Baths

Abstract

p l a t i n g s o l u t i o n , prepared with beryllium dimethyl and decaborane, y i e l d e d dark grey, coherent d e p o s i t s containing 85% t o 90% beryllium. A t y p i c a l b a t h c o n s i s t e d of methylmagnesium c h l o r i d e , A similar beryllium KEY WORDS: Magnesium, e l e c t r o d e p o s i t i o n of; Beryllium, e l e c t r o d e p o s i t i o n o f ; nonaqueous p l a t i n g b a t h s ; Grignard r e a g e n t s ; Beryllium dimethyl; Beryllium a z i d e ; Beryllium thiocyanate, decaborane; t r i e t h y l b o r o n ; Organic p l a t i n g b a t h s .

Nonaqueous Electrochemistry of Magnesium: Applications to Energy Storage

“…However, early investigations of the electrochemistry of organomagnesium halides in ethers (Grignard reagents such as ethyl magnesium chloride in THF) indicated that they were capable of electrodepositing Mg (11)(12)(13), although reported efficiencies, deposit qualities, and ability to dissolve Mg anodes varied considerably. More recent investigations at the National Institute of Standards and Technology indicated that very good Mg deposits could be obtained from alkyl magnesium halide-organoboron complexes in ethers, although in some cases appreciable boron was codeposited with the Mg (14,15). Equipment and procedures used here confirmed these results with the additional finding that addition of aluminum halides (which are considerably less expensive and toxic than organoboron compounds or boron halides) to Grignard solutions resulted in electrolytes which permitted Mg dissolution and plating at very high current efficiencies and gave bright, crystalline Mg deposits with purities of 99.99+%.…”

The Kinetics of the Magnesium Electrode in Thionyl Chloride Solutions

“…The only system in which the electrodeposition of magnesium is feasible is that of Grignard reagents with the addition of boranes in ether solutions (2).…”

Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air Batteries

“…Apart from pure Grignard-type electrolytes (RMgX in ethereal solution), other organomagnesium-based systems have also been extensively studied, and, for instance, the combination of organomagnesium (MgR 2 or RMgX) as Lewis bases with aluminum-or boron-based Lewis acids (Liebenow et al, 2000;Muldoon et al, 2012;Carter et al, 2014;Zhu et al, 2014;Dongmo et al, 2020). Brenner found that the addition of boron-containing compounds (boranes, alkylboranes, and boron halides) to Grignard reagents improves the Mg deposition, although a small amount of B could be codeposited with Mg (Brenner, 1971;Brenner and Sligh, 1971). Later, Gregory and coworkers made a breakthrough and showed that the addition of aluminum halides, which are less expensive and less toxic than boron-type compounds, to the Grignard solutions resulted in high current efficiencies of deposition and gave good Mg deposits, with the purity higher than 99.9% (Gregory et al, 1990).…”