“…For the composite materials, several major methods have been used including chemical reaction approach [22], mechanical alloying [23], plasma sintering [24], electrochemical synthesis [25,26], and aerosol deposition [27]. Recently, carbonbased or carbon and bismuth-based alloy mixture composite materials have caught much attention for thermoelectric applications [8,16,19,[28][29][30]. However, due to the low figure of merit, the thermoelectric performance of the composites still remains to be improved.…”