Electroencephalograms Recorded from the Telencephalon of the Blinded Chicken During Behavioral Sleep and Wakefulness

Ookawa, Takanori

doi:10.3382/ps.0500731

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Electrophysiological recordings revealed that the hemisphere contra-lateral to the open eye shows an EEG with fast waves typical of wakefulness, whilst the EEG in hemisphere contra-lateral to the closed eye shows a typical pattern of slow wave sleep. Bilateral eye closure is associated with bihemispheric slow wave and REM sleep as widely reported (Ookawa and Takagi 1968;Ookawa 1971;Ball et al 1988;Rattenborg et al 1999;Bobbo et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Monocular learning of a spatial task enhances sleep in the right hemisphere of domestic chicks (Gallus gallus)

2012

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Unihemispheric sleep is an aspect of cerebral lateralization of birds. During sleep, domestic chicks show brief periods during which one eye is open whilst the other remains shut. In this study, time spent in sleeping and in monocular-unihemispheric sleep (Mo-Un sleep) was investigated following the monocular learning of a spatial discrimination task. Two groups of experimental chicks from day 8 to day 11 post-hatching were trained in a spatial paradigm based on geometrical and topographical clues. One group performed the task with left eye open (LE-chicks), whilst another group performed the task with the right eye open (RE-chicks). LE-chick learned the task, whilst RE-chicks were unable to learn. Time spent in binocular sleep and right Mo-Un sleep (right eye closed and left hemisphere sleeping) was equal in both groups of chicks. Time spent in left Mo-Un sleep (left eye closed and right hemisphere sleeping) was significantly higher in LE-chicks than in RE-chicks. Laterality index reveals that LE-chicks had a significant bias towards more left Mo-Un sleep at any recording day, whilst RE-chicks showed a significant bias towards more right Mo-Un sleep at day 8 and 9 but not at days 10 and 11. RE-chick bias at days 8 and 9 could be attributed to a recovery process in left hemisphere connected to its activation/use effect during trials whilst recovery would be absent at days 10 and 11. LE-chicks bias would be associated with the formation of a spatial memory trace and with a recovery process in right hemisphere.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Monocular learning of a spatial task enhances sleep in the right hemisphere of domestic chicks (Gallus gallus)

2012

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“…In the developing chick, Corner et al (1967) have recently reported unusual electrical patterns observed "spontaneously" in the cerebral EEG. The author also observed abnormal EEG pattern in the hemisphere of the developing chick (Ookawa, 1965(Ookawa, , 1971Ookawa and Takagi, 1968) during sleep rather than wakefulness. Although the neural mechanism provoking abnormal EEGs is unknown, these seizure-like discharges might be due to abnormal brain activity associated with brain damage or functional disturbance of the brain.…”

Section: Abnormal Eegs and Environmental Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Notes on Abnormal Electroencephalograms in the Telencephalon of the Chicken and Pigeon

Ookawa

1973

Poultry Science

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In a forthcoming paper, the author has previously described the EEG recorded from the Wulst of adult hens during wakefulness and sleep. For the purpose of comparison with normal EEGs, abnormal electrical activities are recorded from the same site (the Wulst) of adult hens under curarized and light anesthetic conditions, respectively. "Spontaneous" paroxysmal discharges, including the spike and wave complexes, are observed on the Wulst during extremely light anesthesia. Strychnine and penicillin spikes were found to occur on the Wulst. Spreading EEG depression can be readily induced by application of mechanical or chemical (25% KC1) stimulus in hens curarized with Fraxidil. Furthermore, a review has been made of abnormal EEGs which were induced by a kind of central nervous disorder with nutritional deficiency, environmental correlations and pharmacologic agents. Papers concerning Leao's spreading depression in the bird's brain are also included. The possibility of eliciting some important patterns of epileptic waves in the bird's telencephalon is emphasized.

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“…On the other hand, during PS in adult hens, the EMG atonia was never found (Van Luijtelaar et al, 1987). In contrast to the above mentioned aspects, Ookawa (1971), during an electrophysiological study using chick retina, unexpectedly observed that chicks blinded by bilateral optic enucleation retained the ability to develop normal growth and show sleeping behaviour similar to that of intact chickens, and PS was con®rmed polygraphically in the bilaterally enucleated chicken (Ookawa, 1971;Rogers, 1995).…”

Section: Paradoxical Sleepmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…If UHS was a result of unilateral visual input, blinded chickens should no longer exhibit UHS. While these studies suggest that UHS is endogenously controlled, Ookawa (1971) noted that UHS may also occur in response to unilateral auditory input, as observed in young chickens (Peters et al, 1965;Rattenborg et al, 2000). Although unilateral sensory input may awaken one hemisphere or keep one hemisphere from falling asleep, the observations from bihemispheric slowwave sleep to UHS occur in the apparent absence of external stimuli in young chickens and mallard ducks.…”

Section: Unihemispheric Sleepmentioning

confidence: 92%

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The electroencephalogram and sleep in the domestic chicken

Ookawa¹

2004

Avian & Poul. Biolog. Rev.

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Recent electroencephalographic studies on the surface and subsurface of the chicken striatum confirmed that there is a marked correlation between the electroencephalogram (the EEG) and behavioural states of the chicken during wakefulness and sleep. An asymmetrical EEG pattern was recorded from the surface and subsurface of the chicken telencephalon. The chicken EEG changes are essentially similar to those of mammals, though the sleep spindles observed in mammalian neo-cortex are lacking in the chicken cerebrum. Birds exhibit a unique behavioural and electro-physiological state called unihemispheric sleep' in which one cerebral hemisphere is awake and the other is sleep. This finding identified electroencephalographically that the optic nervous fibres undergo a complete dicussation in birds. Chicks blinded by bilateral optic enucleation retain the ability to develop normal growth. The EEG associated with sleep was characterised by high amplitude and slow waves, and by low voltage fast waves, that is, paradoxical sleep in blinded chickens. During wakefulness, the EEG of blinded chickens shows the arousal pattern. The classification of stages from wakefulness to sleep has not yet been fully established in the birds.

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Electroencephalograms Recorded from the Telencephalon of the Blinded Chicken During Behavioral Sleep and Wakefulness

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Monocular learning of a spatial task enhances sleep in the right hemisphere of domestic chicks (Gallus gallus)

Monocular learning of a spatial task enhances sleep in the right hemisphere of domestic chicks (Gallus gallus)

Notes on Abnormal Electroencephalograms in the Telencephalon of the Chicken and Pigeon

The electroencephalogram and sleep in the domestic chicken

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