Electroencephalographic Biofeedback in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Monastra, Vincent J.; Lynn, Steven Jay; Linden, Michael A.; Lubar, Joel F.; Gruzelier, John; Vaque, Theodore J. La

doi:10.1300/j184v09n04_02

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Majority of the children with ADHD (85%-90%) has EEG under activity with elevated relative theta power, reduced relative alpha, and beta power, and elevated theta/alpha and theta/beta power ratios. 17,18 A smaller group of children has a surplus of beta1 activity and decreased alpha activity. Another endophenotype of ADHD shows EEG patterns similar to younger subjects commonly known as "maturation lag."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theta/beta NFT protocol is administered based on the "under-arousal hypothesis," that is, children with ADHD has elevated relative theta power and reduced relative beta power. 18 EEG NFT reinforces the child to inhibit theta waves and to increase beta/SMR (sensorimotor rhythm) in the frontal region of the brain, which is associated with higher cortical arousal and inhibition of involuntary motor activity. Based on this rationale, numerous studies have been conducted to explore the efficacy of NFT in the treatment of ADHD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EEG Neurofeedback Training in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cognitive and Behavioral Outcome Study

et al. 2018

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Background. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent childhood disorder with symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. EEG neurofeedback training (NFT) is a new intervention modality based on operant conditioning of brain activity, which helps reduce symptoms of ADHD in children. Methods and Procedures. To examine the efficacy of NFT in children with ADHD, an experimental longitudinal design with pre-post comparison was adopted. A total of 30 children in the age range of 6 to 12 years diagnosed as ADHD with or without comorbid conditions were assigned to treatment group (TG; n = 15) and treatment as usual group (TAU; n = 15). TG received EEG-NFT along with routine clinical management and TAU received routine clinical management alone. Forty sessions of theta/beta NFT at the C3 scalp location, 3 to 4 sessions in a week for a period of 3.5 to 5 months were given to children in TG. Children were screened using sociodemographic data and Binet-Kamat test of intelligence. Pre-and postassessment tools were neuropsychological tests and behavioral scales. Follow-up was carried out on 8 children in TG using parent-rated behavioral measures. Results. Improvement was reported in TG on cognitive functions (sustained attention, verbal working memory, and response inhibition), parent- and teacher-rated behavior problems and on academic performance rated by teachers. Follow-up of children who received NFT showed sustained improvement in ADHD symptoms when assessed 6 months after receiving NFT. Conclusion. The present study suggests that NFT is an effective method to enhance cognitive deficits and helps reduce ADHD symptoms and behavior problems. Consequently, academic performance was found to be improved in children with ADHD. Improvement in ADHD symptoms induced by NFT were maintained at 6-month follow-up in children with ADHD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG Neurofeedback Training in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cognitive and Behavioral Outcome Study

et al. 2018

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“…In addition, beta EEG activity has been implicated in attentional processing, much of which is based on attempts to normalise the EEG of those with attentional dysfunction (see e.g., Lubar, Swartwood, Swartwood & O'Donnell, 1995;Lubar, Swartwood, Swartwood & Timmerman, 1995). Support for this comes from research focusing on enhancing beta power using EEG biofeedback which has been shown to improve attentional processing in both clinical populations (Fuchs et al, 2003;Monastra et al, 2006) and healthy participants (Egner & Gruzelier, 2004;Rasey et al, 1996). In addition, research has shown increases in beta (12-30Hz) amplitude when participants attend to a stimulus and plan a response (Saleh, Reimer, Penn, Ojakangas & Hatsopoulos, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking EEG changes in response to alpha and beta binaural beats

Вернон

Peryer

Louch

et al. 2014

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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A binaural beat can be produced by presenting two tones of differing frequency, one to each ear. Such auditory stimulation has been suggested to influence behaviour and cognition via the process of cortical entrainment. However, research so far has only shown frequency following responses in the traditional EEG frequency ranges of delta, theta and gamma.Hence a primary aim of this research was to ascertain whether it would be possible to produce clear changes in the EEG in either the alpha or beta frequency ranges. Such changes, if possible, would have a number of important implications as well as potential applications.A secondary goal was to track any observable changes in EEG throughout the entrainment epoch to gain some insight into the nature of the entrainment effects any changes in an effort to identify more effective entrainment regimes. Twenty two healthy participants were recruited and randomly allocated to one of two groups, each of which was exposed to a distinct binaural beat frequency for ten 1-minute epochs. The first group listened to an alpha binaural beat of 10Hz and the second to a beta binaural beat of 20Hz. EEG was recorded from the left and right temporal regions during pre-exposure baselines, stimulus exposure epochs and post-exposure baselines. Analysis of changes in broad-band and narrow-band amplitude, and frequency showed no effect of either binaural beat frequency eliciting a frequency following effect in the EEG. Possible mediating factors are discussed and a number of recommendations are made regarding future studies, exploring entrainment effects from binaural beat presentation.3

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“…According to some studies, antisocial and criminal behavior is associated with attention deficit, learning problems, and impulsivity (Barkley, 1997). One method that has been utilized is neurofeedback (NFB) training (Monastra et al, 2006); however, at the present time there is not much information about the effects of this procedure in adolescents in conflict with the law, nor information about the impact of the NFB in this population in Mexico.…”

Section: Effects Of Neurofeedback Training In a Group Of Adolescents mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the 2014 ISNR Conference

Clarke¹

2014

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A fundamental challenge of modern society is the development of effective approaches to enhance brain function and cognition in both healthy and impaired individuals. For the healthy, this serves as a core mission of our educational system and for the cognitively impaired this is a critical goal of our medical system. Unfortunately, there are serious and growing concerns about the ability of either system to meet this challenge. I will describe an approach developed in our lab that uses custom-designed video games to achieve meaningful and sustainable cognitive enhancement (e.g., Anguera et al., 2013), as well the next stage of our research program, which uses video games integrated with technological innovations in software (e.g., brain computer interface algorithms, Neurofeedback, GPU computing) and hardware (e.g., virtual reality headsets, mobile EEG, transcranial electrical brain stimulation) to create a novel personalized closed-loop system. I will share with you a vision of the future in which video games serve as an underlying engine to enhance our brain's information processing systems, thus reducing our reliance on non-specific drugs to treat neurological and psychiatric conditions and allowing us to better target our educational efforts. Online, Voluntary Control of Individual Neurons in the Human Brain Moran Cerf, PhDAssistant Professor of Business and Neuroscience, Kellogg School of Management, Illinois, USA and the University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Neurosurgery, California, USA Recording from single neurons in patients implanted with intracranial electrodes for clinical reasons, I will demonstrate that humans can regulate the activity of their neurons in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) to alter the outcome of the contest between external images and their internal representation using feedback from these neurons. I will discuss some of the works in real-time recording of the activity of individual neurons in the brains of humans in the last decade, and how these can be used to access the underlying mechanisms of our decisions, emotion, memory, and free will. Athletic performance has in the past focused on training the body. However, an athlete who can exercise volitional control of the levels of cognitive engagement and arousal of brain and body has an advantage during competition. A growing interest in a quantified self and the technological advances contributing to wearable sensors are creating a new opportunity in the field of sport psychology. The panel moderator will provide a brief overview of the most recent trends in the implementation of electroencephalography evaluation and training methods in professional and world-class level athletics. The panel will host professional athletes of wide-ranging demographics who have utilized these techniques to help them achieve the highest levels of success in the world of sports. Case-specific data of psychophysiological and performance outcomes will be elaborated upon as each athlete will describe his or her experiences of the evaluati...

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Electroencephalographic Biofeedback in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 40 publications

References 71 publications

EEG Neurofeedback Training in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cognitive and Behavioral Outcome Study

EEG Neurofeedback Training in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cognitive and Behavioral Outcome Study

Tracking EEG changes in response to alpha and beta binaural beats

Proceedings of the 2014 ISNR Conference

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