Electroencephalography (EEG) Technology Applications and Available Devices

Soufineyestani, Mahsa; Dowling, Dale; Khan, Arshia

doi:10.3390/app10217453

Cited by 124 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…It also allows real-time observation of brain activity and personal use. The data obtained from EEG experiment is likely to be used commercially and personally in the open market [ 34 ].…”

Section: Application Of Vr-eeg In Architectural Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Changes to Architectural Elements on Human Relaxation-Arousal Responses: Based on VR and EEG

Kim

Park

Choo

2021

IJERPH

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This study combines electroencephalogram (EEG) with virtual reality (VR) technologies to measure the EEG responses of users experiencing changes to architectural elements. We analyze the ratio of alpha to beta waves (RAB) indicators to determine the pre- and poststimulation changes. In our methodology, thirty-three females experience using private rooms in a postpartum care center participated in the experiment. Their brain waves are measured while they are experiencing the VR space of a private room in a postpartum care center. Three architectural elements (i.e., aspect ratio of space, ceiling height, and window ratio) are varied in the VR space. In addition, a self-report questionnaire is administered to examine whether the responses are consistent with the results of the EEG response analysis. As a result, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) are observed in the changes in the RAB indicator values of the pre- and poststimulation EEG while the subjects are experiencing the VR space where the architectural elements are varied. That is, the effects of the changes to architectural elements on users’ relaxation-arousal responses are statistically verified. Notably, in all the RAB indicator values where significant differences are observed, the poststimulation RAB decreases in comparison to the prestimulus ratios, which is indicative of the arousal response. However, the arousal levels vary across the architectural elements, which implies it would be possible to find out the elements that could induce less arousal response using the proposed method. Moreover, following the experience in the VR space, certain lobes of the brain (F4 and P3 EEG channels) show statistically significant differences in the relaxation-arousal responses. Unlike previous studies, which measured users’ physiological responses to abstract and primordial spatial elements, this study extends the boundaries of the literature by applying the architectural elements applicable to design in practice.

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“…It also allows real-time observation of brain activity and personal use. The data obtained from EEG experiment is likely to be used commercially and personally in the open market [ 34 ].…”

Section: Application Of Vr-eeg In Architectural Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Changes to Architectural Elements on Human Relaxation-Arousal Responses: Based on VR and EEG

Kim

Park

Choo

2021

IJERPH

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“…Unfortunately, three pieces of EEG equipment are no longer available, which are Refa32 (TMSi) and QuickAmp USB and V-amp (Brain Products). Soufineyestani et al [ 273 ] made the comparison and limitation of EEG sensors available in the market specially for engineers, scientists, and clinicians, to understand more about EEG equipment that can match their preference. The symbol “-” implies that it could not uncover the information for the price.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Electroencephalography Equipment for Assistive, Adaptive, and Rehabilitative Brain–Computer Interfaces: A Systematic Literature Review

Jamil

Belkacem

Ouhbi

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Humans interact with computers through various devices. Such interactions may not require any physical movement, thus aiding people with severe motor disabilities in communicating with external devices. The brain–computer interface (BCI) has turned into a field involving new elements for assistive and rehabilitative technologies. This systematic literature review (SLR) aims to help BCI investigator and investors to decide which devices to select or which studies to support based on the current market examination. This examination of noninvasive EEG devices is based on published BCI studies in different research areas. In this SLR, the research area of noninvasive BCIs using electroencephalography (EEG) was analyzed by examining the types of equipment used for assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative BCIs. For this SLR, candidate studies were selected from the IEEE digital library, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria (IC) were limited to studies focusing on applications and devices of the BCI technology. The data used herein were selected using IC and exclusion criteria to ensure quality assessment. The selected articles were divided into four main research areas: education, engineering, entertainment, and medicine. Overall, 238 papers were selected based on IC. Moreover, 28 companies were identified that developed wired and wireless equipment as means of BCI assistive technology. The findings of this review indicate that the implications of using BCIs for assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative technologies are encouraging for people with severe motor disabilities and healthy people. With an increasing number of healthy people using BCIs, other research areas, such as the motivation of players when participating in games or the security of soldiers when observing certain areas, can be studied and collaborated using the BCI technology. However, such BCI systems must be simple (wearable), convenient (sensor fabrics and self-adjusting abilities), and inexpensive.

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“…For the 13 subjects that were included in the concordance analysis between g.tech and EGI, Wilcoxon tests also revealed no significant difference in the number of epochs rejected(g. tech = 23.1%, SD = 10.2; EGI = 24.4%, SD = 11.4; W(13) = 42, p = 0.83). A Fast Fourrier Transform was performed using Matlab (version 2019a), on each epoch of each condition according to three frequency bands; Theta (4-8 Hz), Alpha (8-12Hz), Beta (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). We used the For the data from both devices, we calculated the beta/alpha ratio for the prefrontal and frontal area/electrodes that give a direct measure of Arousal that represent the strength of the emotion [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the latter products are more robust, provide a better signal/noise ratio, and are usually used in research protocols or for medical applications. However, they remain very expensive, costing up to $ 40,000 [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the new mobile wireless EEG headsets reliable for the evaluation of musical pleasure?

et al. 2020

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Since the beginning of the 20th century, electroencephalography (EEG) has been used in a wide variety of applications, both for medical needs and for the study of various cerebral processes. With the rapid development of the technique, more and more precise and advanced tools have emerged for research purposes. However, the main constraints of these devices have often been the high price and, for some devices the low transportability and the long set-up time. Nevertheless, a broad range of wireless EEG devices have emerged on the market without these constraints, but with a lower signal quality. The development of EEG recording on multiple participants simultaneously, and new technological solutions provides further possibilities to understand the cerebral emotional dynamics of a group. A great number of studies have compared and tested many mobile devices, but have provided contradictory results. It is therefore important to test the reliability of specific wireless devices in a specific research context before developing a large-scale study. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of two wireless devices (g.tech Nautilus SAHARA electrodes and Emotiv™ Epoc +) for the detection of musical emotions, in comparison with a gold standard EEG device. Sixteen participants reported feeling emotional pleasure (from low pleasure up to musical chills) when listening to their favorite chill-inducing musical excerpts. In terms of emotion detection, our results show statistically significant concordance between Epoc + and the gold standard device in the left prefrontal and left temporal areas in the alpha frequency band. We validated the use of the Emotiv™ Epoc + for research into musical emotion. We did not find any significant concordance between g.tech and the gold standard. This suggests that Emotiv Epoc is more appropriate for musical emotion investigations in natural settings.

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Electroencephalography (EEG) Technology Applications and Available Devices

Cited by 124 publications

References 89 publications

Effects of Changes to Architectural Elements on Human Relaxation-Arousal Responses: Based on VR and EEG

Effects of Changes to Architectural Elements on Human Relaxation-Arousal Responses: Based on VR and EEG

Noninvasive Electroencephalography Equipment for Assistive, Adaptive, and Rehabilitative Brain–Computer Interfaces: A Systematic Literature Review

Are the new mobile wireless EEG headsets reliable for the evaluation of musical pleasure?

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