Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter NBCe1 regulates pancreatic β cell function in type 2 diabetes

Time-restricted feeding prevents deleterious metabolic effects of circadian disruption through epigenetic control of β cell function

“…Last, we aimed to determine whether the expression of identified DBP target genes was attenuated in T2DM human islets, which are characterized by  cell functional failure. We analyzed whole-genome array (46)(47)(48)(49)(50) and RNA-seq (51,52) data from seven independent studies of nondiabetic (ND) versus T2DM human islets and assessed the differential expression of potential DBP target genes annotated to key  cell functional pathways (Fig. 9G).…”

Uncoupling protein 2 and aldolase B impact insulin release by modulating mitochondrial function and Ca2+ release from the ER

“…Because mitochondrial respiration was impaired without any change in proton leakage in βUCP2Tg islets, the deterioration of the electron transport chain may affect the result rather than the uncoupling. It has been shown that mitochondrial complex protein was reduced in β-cells from diabetic mice ( Brown et al., 2021 ; Haythorne et al., 2019 ). Haythorne et al.…”

It’s What and When You Eat: An Overview of Transcriptional and Epigenetic Responses to Dietary Perturbations in Pancreatic Islets

“…found that 4-5 weeks of ketogenic diet attenuated β-cell proliferation in ob/ob islets, in part, due to restoration (20-fold) of miR-184 expression, which is a potent inhibitor of cellular proliferation by disrupting Myc signaling ( 42 , 125 ). miRNAs have also been suggested to play a key role in enhanced mitochondrial metabolism with ketogenic diet, a key step in GSIS which is dysfunctional with HF diet ( 43 , 126 ). Specifically, miR-125b was shown to be significantly downregulated with ketogenic diet and was demonstrated to directly target mitochondrial fission process 1 (Mtfp1), among other mitochondrial and lysosomal transcripts.…”