Electrohydraulic lithotripsy of gallstones in humans

Yip, Yu Lap

doi:10.1016/s0016-5107(88)71286-9

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4] Often, such components are either immiscible or partially miscible, which leads to phase separation into domains, kinetically-trapped metastable states, 5 and a degradation of the device performance with thermal/solvent annealing. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] As a result, there has arisen significant interest in strategies that can enhance the long-term stability of the devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing morphological correlators for device performance to optimize ternary blend organic solar cells based on block copolymer additives

Kipp

Wodo

Ganapathysubramanian

et al. 2017

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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In a recent work, we studied donor-acceptor blend based organic photovoltaics and, by utilizing a combination of morphology simulations and device modeling, demonstrated that block copolymer compatibilizers with appropriately selected energy levels can be used in such systems to give rise to highly efficient devices that, in some cases, can even outperform idealized morphologies. In the present study, we probe whether morphological simulations can be used in conjunction with simple morphological descriptors as a means to screen the performance characteristics of such energy cascade based ternary blend devices as predicted using device-level simulations. Towards this objective, we present results from different parameter combinations to demonstrate that the domain size, percolation ratio, tortuosity of domains, and concentration gradient at the interface between donors and acceptors correlate strongly with the device performance of such ternary blend systems. Subsequently, we present extensive parameter studies where we simultaneously vary the blend composition, the degree of polymerization of the donor homopolymer, and the acceptor composition of the donor-b-acceptor block copolymer to identify blend formulations that give rise to such optimal morphological and device characteristics. Finally, we demonstrate that, while the overall device performance depends on a combination of morphological factors, the morphological descriptors identified in our work may help identify promising blend formulations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing morphological correlators for device performance to optimize ternary blend organic solar cells based on block copolymer additives

Kipp

Wodo

Ganapathysubramanian

et al. 2017

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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Management of Common Bile Duct Stones

Berci¹,

Navarrete²,

Hammond³

et al. 1995

Principles of Laparoscopic Surgery

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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with endoscopic sphincterotomy and stone extraction or laparoscopic choledochoscopy and electrohydraulic lithotripsy for management of cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis

et al. 1992

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Six hundred twenty-two laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed at St. Vincent Hospital over a 14-month period. We reviewed the records of 366 of these patients who were referred to the authors. Thirty-six patients had suspected choledocholithiasis. The primary author (M.E.A.) performed 38 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCPs) on these patients for diagnosis and management. Seventeen of the 36 patients had common bile duct stones; 19 patients had negative studies. Of the 17 patients with choledocholithiasis, 15 had successful cannulation of the common bile duct, and, of these, 10 underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy plus endoscopic sphincterotomy and extraction of the common duct stone(s). In one high-risk elderly patient, we extracted the stone from the common duct and left the gallbladder in situ. Two patients failed endoscopic cannulation and underwent open cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration. Four additional patients, cannulated successfully, had unsuccessful endoscopic stone removal because the stones were too large or were impacted. Two of these patients underwent open cholecystectomy and common duct exploration. The two other patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and choledochoscopy through the cystic duct with the flexible choledochoscope. An electrohydraulic lithotripsy probe was then inserted through the choledochoscope to fragment the stones, and stone fragments were allowed to pass through the previously created sphincterotomy. We believe our data, supported by data in the literature, show that these alternative methods for treating choledocholithiasis are safe and effective and should be considered primary modalities for treating this condition now that laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for cholelithiasis.

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Electrohydraulic lithotripsy of gallstones in humans

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Utilizing morphological correlators for device performance to optimize ternary blend organic solar cells based on block copolymer additives

Utilizing morphological correlators for device performance to optimize ternary blend organic solar cells based on block copolymer additives

Management of Common Bile Duct Stones

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with endoscopic sphincterotomy and stone extraction or laparoscopic choledochoscopy and electrohydraulic lithotripsy for management of cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis

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