Electrokinetic dewatering, consolidation and stabilization of soils

Electroosmotic flow and the validity of the classical Darcy equation in silty shales

“…The question arises, for example, about the importance of electroosmotic flow around waste repositories located into argillaceous rocks, the electrical field being due to various natural phenomena like membrane or thermoelectric potentials. In addition, electroosmotic pumping can also be used to remove contaminants from shales for which mechanical pumping methods are inefficient due to low intrinsic permeability (e.g., Adamson et al [1966], Probstein and Hicks [1993]). Other applications concern the dewatering of shaly soils [e.g., Rieke et al , 1966], and precise permeability estimations of low permeability rocks without applying any fluid pressure gradient to the samples (see Pengra et al [1999] for a very clever application of electroosmosis in this direction).…”

Investigation of stone‐hard‐soil formation from AC corrosion of cathodically protected pipeline

“…It has been demonstrated that cathodic protection increases the moisture content of the soil/steel interface in unsaturated soils . The cathode will attract positive ions in solution, and thereby water by the process of electro‐osmosis, since water molecules are attracted to the cations . The reason for the enhanced NaCl concentration may be explained by this attraction of positively charged Na + ions in solution.…”

A Review of Electrokinetic Treatment Technique for Improving the Engineering Characteristics of Low Permeable Problematic Soils

“…The first successful demonstration of the use of EK technique for soil remediation was performed in the Netherlands in 1986 and some other places in Europe and US for the removal of the toxic chemical species. These successful studies and applications encouraged some other researchers and in-situ studies, resulting in some breakthroughs in the understanding of EK phenomena to improve physical properties of low permeable soils for many approaches such as: improving stability of excavations and unstable embankments [18], [19], backfill strengthening and slope stabilization [18], [20], stabilization of soils by consolidation [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], soil drainage and ground water lowering [30], soil improvement stabilization of fine-grained soils [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], remediation of salt affected soils [1], dewatering of sludge [39][40][41], assisting pile driving [42][43][44][45] and treatment of dispersive soils [46], [47].…”