Electrokinetic removal of caesium from kaolin

Al-Shahrani, Saad; Roberts, Edward P.L.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.03.018

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…This process has also been applied to the removal of radionuclides from soil, such as Co and U (Kim et al, 2008(Kim et al, , 2012. There have been some reports of the removal of Cs + from contaminated model soil (Al-Shahrani and Roberts, 2005), sediment (Jung et al, 2015), and ash (Kim et al, 2013) using the EK process, but these reports did not focus on the interaction between Cs + and the clay minerals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static Adsorption of Cesium Ions on Kaolin/Vermiculite and Dynamic Adsorption/Desorption Using the Electrokinetic Process

Akemoto

Kan

Tanaka

2019

J. Chem. Eng. Japan

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The interactions between cesium ions and two kinds of 2 : 1 clay minerals (kaolin and vermiculite) were investigated under batch conditions and dynamic equilibrium using the electrokinetic (EK) process. The adsorption capacities of kaolin and vermiculite were 1.2 and 18.8 mg/g, respectively, at pH 6 after 24 h in the batch system. Because the basal spacing of kaolin is 0.93 nm, Cs ions cannot enter the interlayers. On the other hand, the basal spacing of vermiculite is 1.01 nm, and vermiculite can adsorb Cs ions in the interlayers. Four kinds of model soils with di erent ratios of vermiculite to kaolin were prepared by mixing these two types of clay minerals, and the migration behaviors of Cs ions in these soils on the application of the EK process were determined. The Cs ion migration e ciency decreased with an increase in vermiculite content. The content of vermiculite in the soil was an important factor determining the migration behavior of Cs ions under the dynamic equilibrium conditions produced by the EK process. The applications and limitations of the EK process for the removal of cesium from contaminated soil are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static Adsorption of Cesium Ions on Kaolin/Vermiculite and Dynamic Adsorption/Desorption Using the Electrokinetic Process

Akemoto

Kan

Tanaka

2019

J. Chem. Eng. Japan

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“…Various methods including bioremediation, thermal remediation, soil vapor extraction, soil washing, soil flushing, electrokinetic remediation (EKR) have been introduced to purify contaminated lands [1]. Among them, EKR has shown to be a practical method to remedy low permeable soils (e.g., clays and silts) [2][3][4][5][6]. In the EKR process, application of low direct current (DC) into the soil medium leads to contaminants transportation by different transport phenomena such as electro-migration, electroosmotic flow, and electrophoresis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis on Cadmium Transport in Kaolinite under Direct Current Electric Field

2017

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Soil pollution is a challenging concern for environmentalists. Different remediation methods have been proposed to remediate polluted soils. Most of the existing methods cannot purify low permeable soils. Electrokinetic remediation (EKR) is an effective method which can remediate fine-grained soils. Understanding the physicochemical phenomena of the EKR is necessary to achieve efficient experimental framework. Therefore, the present study aims to introduce a theoretical and mathematical model for the EKR process. In the present model, different transport phenomena including ion migration, electroosmotic flow, and diffusion were considered. In addition, Chemical reactions such as adsorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution, water autoionization reaction, and electrolysis reaction were considered. For modeling purpose, a set of partial differential and algebraic equations were used to model the remediation process. The implicit finite difference numerical model showed a good capability of simulating the EKR process. The sensitivity analysis on the retardation and tortuosity factors represented that the retardation factor had a considerable effect on the pH and cadmium concentration profiles. Although tortuosity factor did not have a significant impact on the pH profile, it had a non-negligible effect on the cadmium concentration profile.

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“…In the presence of the electric field, the acid front tends to migrate towards the cathode and the basic front advances towards the anode by electromigration. This method has been successfully employed at laboratory scale on a range of radioactively contaminated soil and groundwater [9]. A common problem with electrokinetic removal of heavy metals is precipitation of the metal ions which has been found to occur close to the cathode, hindering the extraction process [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of electrokinetic remediation for caesium: A feasibility study of 2D electrode configuration system

Putra

2016

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract. Agar matrix was artificially contaminated with caesium and subjected to rapid assessment of electrokinetic treatment on the basis of the 2D electrode configuration. The effect of caesium concentration on the process was investigated using different electrode configuration (i.e. rectangular, hexagonal and triangular). During treatment the in situ pH distribution, the current flow, and the potential distribution were monitored. At the end of the treatment, the caesium concentration distribution was measured. The results of these experiments showed that for caesium contamination, pH control is essential in order to create a suitable environment throughout the agar matrix to enable contaminant removal. It was found that the type of electrode configuration used to control the pH affected the rate of caesium accumulation. All of the electrode configurations tested was effective, but the highest caesium extraction was achieved when the hexagonal pattern was used to control the pH. After 72 h of treatment at 50 mA, the concentration of caesium decreased gradually from the second and first layer of agar matrix throughout the cell, suggesting that most of the caesium was concentrated on the cathode part.

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Electrokinetic removal of caesium from kaolin

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Static Adsorption of Cesium Ions on Kaolin/Vermiculite and Dynamic Adsorption/Desorption Using the Electrokinetic Process

Static Adsorption of Cesium Ions on Kaolin/Vermiculite and Dynamic Adsorption/Desorption Using the Electrokinetic Process

Mathematical Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis on Cadmium Transport in Kaolinite under Direct Current Electric Field

Development of electrokinetic remediation for caesium: A feasibility study of 2D electrode configuration system

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