Electroless Nickel-Phosphorus Composite Coatings

Abstract

Electroless nickel composite coatings possess excellent mechanical and tribological properties such as, hardness, wear and corrosion resistance. Composite coatings can easily be coated not only on electrically conductive materials but also on non-conductive materials like as fabrics, plastics, rubber, etc. This review emphasizes on the development of electroless nickel composite coatings by incorporating different types of hard/soft particles (micro/nano size) in the electroless Ni-P matrix to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings. The preparation of electroless bath for nickel-phosphorus composite coating, methods to incorporate hard and/or soft particles in the bath, factors affecting the particle incorporation in the coating and its effect on coating structure, hardness, wear resistance, friction behavior, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties are discussed thoroughly.

Electroless Metallization of the Elements: Survey and Progress

“…EL NiP represents an alloy of particular importance, given its role as a coating to improve hardness and wear- and corrosion resistance of steel and Al and Mg alloys ,,,, and the preparation of ultrablack materials for optical applications …”

“…Extensive reviews are available for readers interested in additional information. 33,34,37,378,379 Here we present examples that reflect the recent developments in "smart" composites, i.e., composites capable of responding to a stimulus to enable a desirable outcome or function.…”

“…EL NiP represents an alloy of particular importance, given its role as a coating to improve hardness and wear-and corrosion resistance of steel and Al and Mg alloys 181,348,351,378,667 and the preparation of ultrablack materials for optical applications. 311 The H 2 PO 2 − anion functions as the reducing agent responsible for P incorporation into plated metals.…”

“…The preparation of composites to enhance EL Ni properties such as wear-resistance, hardness, corrosion protection, and catalytic properties via the use of particulate additives such as metal oxides, ,, metal sulfides, silica, alumina, , diamond, nitrides, , carbides, − graphene oxide, or polymers , has been a long-standing area of interest that has continued in recent years. Extensive reviews are available for readers interested in additional information. ,,,, Here we present examples that reflect the recent developments in “smart” composites, i.e ., composites capable of responding to a stimulus to enable a desirable outcome or function.…”

Evaluation of the corrosion resistance of electroless Ni-P coatings on magnesium

“…Nowadays, several surface treatments have been applied to magnesium alloys to improve their corrosion resistance; some of those treatments are conversion coatings, anodizing, organic, metallic and ceramic coatings [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Nonetheless, most of these treatments require the use of hexavalent chromium compounds, which is considered highly toxic, carcinogenic and dangerous to the environment [19][20][21]. Within the different treatment possibilities for Mg, nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) coatings appear to be very interesting, in particular for the electronic industry due to its good conductivity.…”