Electrolessly tin-plated sulfur nanocomposite for practical lean-electrolyte lithium–sulfur cells with a high-loading sulfur cathode

Abstract

Lithium–sulfur batteries are among the most promising low-cost, high-energy-density storage devices. The high-capacity sulfur as the active material undergoes electrochemical conversion between solid and liquid states. Thus, the comprehensive design...

Separator Modified by Carbon-Encapsulated CoFe Alloy Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotubes for Advanced Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

“…However, the physical and chemical adsorption of lithium polysulfides cannot effectively suppress the shuttle effect under long cycles and high-sulfur-loading conditions . Moreover, the sluggish redox of sulfur leads to the accumulation of lithium polysulfides in the electrolyte, which causes the shuttle effect and capacity attenuation. , In recent years, many kinds of metal nanostructures (e.g., Co, Ni, Sn, Fe, and Se/Te) as electrocatalysts have been developed in combination with chemical adsorption to effectively accelerate the redox reaction and alleviate the shuttle effect, thus improving the performance of Li–S batteries. Compared with monometal nanostructures, alloys are regarded as a significant group of heterogeneous catalysts consisting of mixed metallic components, which further increase catalytic activity, stability, and selectivity .…”

Advancing lithium–sulfur battery efficiency: utilizing a 2D/2D g-C3N4@MXene heterostructure to enhance sulfur evolution reactions and regulate polysulfides under lean electrolyte conditions

“…36 Recently, an electrolessly developed tin-plated sulfur nanocomposite shows a high gravimetric capacity of 520–663 mA h g −1 at a low electrolyte-to-capacity ratio of 3.75 μL mA h −1 . 37 Similarly, the core–shell polysulfide/carbon cathode with a high sulfur loading (12 mg cm −2 ) exhibits a high peak charge-storage capacity (832 mA h g −1 ), and long-term cyclability with high capacity retention approaching (200 cycles) at a low E/S ratio (4 μL mg −1 ). 38 Reducing the amount of electrolyte in a battery, although inversely proportional to its energy density, can increase battery impedance, slow redox kinetics, and decrease sulfur utilization, eventually causing premature battery failure.…”