Electroluminescent properties of organic light-emitting diodes using BAlq and Alq3 co-evaporation layer

Color-tunable organic light-emitting devices using a thin N,N′-bis-(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine layer at heterojunction interface

“…On the other hand, holes injected from the anode can be easily transported through the first NPB HTL and accumulated at the NPB/BAlq interface due to the high hole-blocking capability of BAlq layer, as reported in Ref. [11]. As a result, these concentrated holes and electrons combine with each other, generating excitons in BAlq layer and giving out white blue light emission of BAlq when they lose excited energy through radiative decay.…”

“…3. It can be seen that if there is no the second NPB layer at heterojunction interface, electrons injected from the cathode can be easily transported through Alq 3 and BAlq layer [10,11] and accumulated in the bulk of BAlq layer near the interface between NPB HTL and BAlq layer. On the other hand, holes injected from the anode can be easily transported through the first NPB HTL and accumulated at the NPB/BAlq interface due to the high hole-blocking capability of BAlq layer, as reported in Ref.…”

“…It can be obviously seen that EL spectrum of device without the second NPB layer between BAlq and Alq 3 layers (device A) peaks at 483 nm which comes from BAlq layer, and the color of light emission from device A appears to be white blue, which is in good agreement with the results reported by Itoh et al in Refs. [11][12][13][14]. While a thin NPB layer, 1.8 and 3.6 nm for devices B and C, respectively, was inserted between BAlq and Alq 3 layers, no changes of EL spectra of these devices took place and the emissive peak still locates at 483 nm.…”

Organic optical coatings

“…Emission layers in OLEDs like tris-(8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum (Alq3) are also known to be deposited with evaporation processes (Lee et al ., 2004;Eritt et al ., 2010). Evaporated organic materials like Tinuvin™ 360 (a commercial UV pigment by BASF) and N,N′-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-1,1′-diphenyl-1,4′-diamine (NPD) (a material that can also be used as organic hole transport layer in OLEDs (Iwama et al ., 2006)) have been found to be useful as UV protective layers on polymer substrates like polycarbonate (PC) (Pr ä fke et al ., 2012). There are also commercial water and oil repellent materials like Patinal® WR5 from Merck, for example, to improve the easy to clean, anti-fi ngerprint properties and the haptic properties of touch screen surfaces.…”

Organic Light Emitting Diodes Based on Novel Zn and Al Complexes

“…Numerous derivatives on Alq 3 structure were prepared and their optical and semiconductor properties were tested. Alq complex BAlq (bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinate)4-phenyl-phenolate) was first introduced by Kodak group as a blue-emitting material and mostly used as hole blocking layer (Kwong et al, 2002) and as a blue emitter (Kwong et al, 2005;Iwama et al, 2006;Yu et al, 2007). Hopkins and coworkers (1996) have also obtained blue shifted emission from Alq 3 derivate via introduction of the strong electron withdrawing -SO 2 NR 2 group at C-5 of the 8-hydroxyquinoline ligand.…”