Electrolyte conditioning-enhanced electrokinetic remediation of arsenic-contaminated mine tailing

Baek, Kitae; Kim, Do-Hyung; Park, Sung Woo; Ryu, Byung-Gon; Bajargal, Tserennyam; Yang, Jung‐Seok

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.03.127

Cited by 110 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…By contrast, electrokinetic (EK) remediation is a low-cost method that can be used on soil with poor permeability and can be applied in situ [15][16][17][18][19]. The EK process involves direct application of a low voltage gradient or electrical current to polluted soil through installed electrodes [20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrokinetic restoration of saline agricultural lands

2010

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Salinization of greenhouse soils has become a serious problem in Korea because of the extensive use of chemical fertilizers to improve crop yield. This study investigated the feasibility of electrokinetic (EK) treatment for reclamation of saline soil. Experiments were conducted using voltage gradients of 1, 2, and 3 V/cm applied for 48 and 96 h. Anions such as chloride, sulfate, and nitrate were transported toward the anode and accumulated there, whereas cations were transferred toward the cathode by electromigration. Among the various ions, the highest removal efficiency was achieved for nitrate: [80% at 48 h and [99% at 96 h. Chloride removal after 96 h was substantially higher than that after 48 h because the longer period of time allowed more electrical transport via electromigration and electro-osmosis. However, the removal efficiency for sulfate and calcium did not change significantly between 48 and 96 h. Soil EC was lower than the initial value in all soil sections at 96 h. The lowest value, 1.8 dS/m, was seen in the experiment employing a gradient of 3 V/cm for 48 h. This study demonstrated that nitrate can be readily removed from soil by electromigration. Further, other ions can also be removed by EK treatment; therefore, it could be successfully used for reclamation of saline soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrokinetic restoration of saline agricultural lands

2010

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“…In the Republic of Korea, 1,082 abandoned metal mines exist and approximately 396 of these abandoned metal mines require remediation due to serious contamination with toxic materials. However, most of the stacked mine tailings around the abandoned mines have been left without proper treatment that would prevent environmental pollution, and in addition, large amounts of heavy metals adsorbed onto the mine tailings are available to leach into streams, ground water systems, and surrounding farm lands through oxidation processes [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed electrokinetic removal of Cd and Zn from fine-grained soil

et al. 2009

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Pulsed electrokinetics studies were carried out to optimize the removal of Zn and Cd from fine-grained soils and to observe the effects of varying the pulse frequency, pulse time ratio (on/off), and DC voltage gradient. Existing forms of heavy metals in the soil matrix were determined using a sequential extraction method. The strongly bound fraction (bound to organic matter and residuals) that is difficult to remove from the soil matrix comprised 74 and 62% of the total Zn and Cd, respectively. In the electrokinetic remediation experiments, MgSO 4 was employed to increase the ionic strength of the soil for 2 weeks. Transportation of heavy metals was influenced by the frequency, pulse ratio, and the voltage gradient of the pulsed electric field. Extraction efficiency of Zn and Cd near the anode was correlated positively with the voltage gradient at a given pulse and ratio. A high pulse frequency (1,800 cycles/h) enhanced the removal efficiency of the heavy metals compared to a low pulse frequency (1,200 cycles/h) at a supplied voltage gradient of 1 V/cm. Although pulsed electrokinetics was more effective in extracting and desorbing ions near the anode than conventional electrokinetics, its ability to transport heavy metals from the anode to the cathode was relatively small. Total removals with pulsed electrokinetics were 21-31% for Zn and 18-24% for Cd. In summary, pulsed electrokinetics can enhance removal efficiency of heavy metals and is beneficial with regard to electrical energy consumption.

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“…After the closure of the experiments, electrodes were rinsed in 5 M HNO 3 , and membranes in 1 M HNO 3 . Samples of all liquids including electrolytes were saved for analysis.…”

Section: Electrodialysis Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental results have shown that the application of a direct current field (EK) over tailings can be used to remove Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn from tailings soils [1,2]; As from tailings [3,4]; and Cu from tailings [5][6][7]. Still, however, a major concern is the long treatment-time required for element-transport through the tailings matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspended electrodialytic extraction of toxic elements for detoxification of three different mine tailings

Jensen¹,

Ottosen²,

Hansen

et al. 2016

Int. J. SDP

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Environmental effects of mining activities partly origin from the production of tailings, and the exposure of these to ambient physical and chemical conditions. Removal of toxic elements from tailings prior to deposition could improve environmental performance and reduce risks. Experimental results have shown that electrokinetic treatment can remove Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn from tailings soils; As from tailings; and Cu from tailings. Still, however, a major concern is the long treatment-time required for the element-transport through the tailings matrix. Therefore several enhancement methods have been investigated including pre-treatment of the tailings with acid; insertion of bipolar electrodes; and implementation of pulsed or sinusoidal electric fields. In line with these efforts, we investigated the efficiency when extracting toxic elements from a suspension of tailings, rather than from a solid matrix, which could well be implemented as a final treatment step prior to deposition of tailings. Six electrodialytic experiments in laboratory scale with three different mine tailings (Codelco, Zinkgruvan, and Nalunaq) show that it is possible to extract residual Cu from the all the three suspended mine tailings, although with some difference between the tailings. From the Zinkgruvan sediment, which had the lowest Cu removal, Pb could also be extracted, while Cd and Zn were less extractable.

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Electrolyte conditioning-enhanced electrokinetic remediation of arsenic-contaminated mine tailing

Cited by 110 publications

References 16 publications

Electrokinetic restoration of saline agricultural lands

Electrokinetic restoration of saline agricultural lands

Pulsed electrokinetic removal of Cd and Zn from fine-grained soil

Suspended electrodialytic extraction of toxic elements for detoxification of three different mine tailings

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