Electrolyte design principles for developing quasi-solid-state rechargeable halide-ion batteries

Abstract

Rechargeable halide-ion batteries (HIBs) are good candidates for large-scale due to their appealing energy density, low cost, and dendrite-free features. However, state-of-the-art electrolytes limit the HIBs’ performance and cycle life. Here, via experimental measurements and modelling approach, we demonstrate that the dissolutions in the electrolyte of transition metal and elemental halogen from the positive electrode and discharge products from the negative electrode cause the HIBs failure. To circumvent these issues, we propose the combination of fluorinated low-polarity solvents with a gelation treatment to prevent dissolutions at the interphase, thus, improving the HIBs’ performance. Using this approach, we develop a quasi-solid-state Cl-ion-conducting gel polymer electrolyte. This electrolyte is tested in a single-layer pouch cell configuration with an iron oxychloride-based positive electrode and a lithium metal negative electrode at 25 °C and 125 mA g–1. The pouch delivers an initial discharge capacity of 210 mAh g–1 and a discharge capacity retention of almost 80% after 100 cycles. We also report assembly and testing of fluoride-ion and bromide-ion cells using quasi-solid-state halide-ion-conducting gel polymer electrolyte.

A robust gradient solid electrolyte interphase enables fast Zn dissolution and deposition dynamics

“…The intensities of the N (K) and F (K) edges show receding from the outside to the inner region of the SEI, indicating that DMTFA reductions are more significant during the formation of the SEI layer due to the low LUMO of DMTFA. 34 These EELS spectra results are consistent with the element mapping (Fig. S11, ESI†), which jointly verifies that the SEI microstructure exhibits an outside organic-rich and inside gradient inorganic-rich components configuration.…”

“…S8, ESI †). 34 These EELS spectra results are consistent with the element mapping (Fig. S11, ESI †), which jointly verifies that the SEI microstructure exhibits an outside organic-rich and inside gradient inorganic-rich components configuration.…”

Mn-doped Co nanoparticles on wood-derived monolithic carbon for rechargeable zinc–air batteries

“…Quasi-solid-state ZABs are a promising candidate to satisfy the growing demand for portable and wearable electronic devices. 49,50 CoMn-N@NCW with self-supporting structure and superb catalytic performance is directly utilized as the air electrode without any binder in quasi-solid-state ZABs (Fig. 6a).…”

Chaotropic Electrolyte Enabling Wide-Temperature Metal-Free Battery

“…). − However, limited resources, uncontrollable dendrite growth, and limitations of using a metal anode in an aqueous electrolyte have restricted their further development . Aqueous batteries based on nonmetallic charge carriers present a bright prospect in grid-scale energy storage due to the advantages of resource abundance, cost effectiveness, and fast kinetics. − Among them, the polyatomic NH 4 + charge carriers with a hydrated ionic radius (3.31 Å) and tetrahedral orientation structure exhibit small desolvation energy barriers, rapid diffusion kinetics, and distinct topotactic binding chemistry for available energy storage. − Furthermore, NH 4 + -containing electrolytes show weak corrosiveness and acidity, which can efficiently suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and electrode material deterioration …”