Electrolyte-Solution-Gate FETs Using Diamond Surface for Biocompatible Ion Sensors

Kawarada, Hiroshi; Araki, Y.; Sakai, Takeyasu; Ogawa, Takahisa; Umezawa, Hamao

doi:10.1002/1521-396x(200105)185:1<79::aid-pssa79>3.0.co;2-8

Cited by 130 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…An enzyme-modified diamondbased field-effect transistor (FET) has been realised for the detection of urea and glucose [6]. The pH-and ionsensitive properties of an electrolyte-gate FET with monocrystalline and polycrystalline diamond surfaces have been investigated in [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penicillin detection with nanocrystalline‐diamond field‐effect sensor

Abouzar

Poghossian

Razavi

et al. 2008

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Nanocrystalline-diamond (NCD) films have been utilised for the detection of penicillin G for the first time. The developed penicillin-sensitive biosensor consists of a field-effect capacitive electrolyte-diamond-insulator-semiconductor (EDIS) structure with an immobilised enzyme layer that covers the gate region of the sensor. Undoped NCD thin films of about 100 nm thickness were grown on a p-Si-SiO 2 (50 nm thermally grown SiO 2 ) structure by microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition. The enzyme penicillinase has been adsorptively immobilised directly onto the O-terminated NCD surface. The EDIS biosensors have been characterised in buffer solutions with different content of penicillin G by means of capacitance-voltage and constantcapacitance method. The developed penicillin biosensor possesses a low detection limit of 5 µM and a high sensitivity of 60-70 mV/decade in a wide linear range of 0.005-2.5 mM penicillin G concentration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penicillin detection with nanocrystalline‐diamond field‐effect sensor

Abouzar

Poghossian

Razavi

et al. 2008

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…[3][4][5] So far, there have only been a few reports investigating the applicability of diamond-based IS-FET devices. [6][7][8] The p-type conductive layer which is induced at the diamond surface by a hydrogen termination has been suggested as a very promising sensing system to be used in a liquid electrolyte environment. For example, modified H-terminated diamond surfaces have been reported to be sensitive to Cl − and Br − ions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 However, the sensitivity of diamond surfaces to changes in the pH of the electrolyte solution is still elusive. 6 "Conventional" ISFETs are based on an insulator͑oxide͒/semiconductor multilayer system, and their pH sensitivity is attributed to changes of the insulator surface potential which results from ion adsorption/ desorption at reactive oxygen surface groups. 9 As will be discussed in this letter, surface conductive diamond ISFETs can be fabricated using an alternative design.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

p H sensors based on hydrogenated diamond surfaces

Garrido

Härtl

Kuch

et al. 2005

Applied Physics Letters

110

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We report on the operation of ungated surface conductive diamond devices in electrolytic solutions. The effect of electrolyte pH on the channel conductivity is studied in detail. It is shown that fully hydrogen terminated diamond surfaces are not pH sensitive. However, a pronounced pH sensitivity arises after a mild surface oxidation by ozone. We propose that charged ions from the electrolyte adsorbed on the oxidized surface regions induce a lateral electrostatic modulation of the conductive hole accumulation layer on the surface. In contrast, charged ions are not expected to be adsorbed on the hydrogen terminated surface, either due to the screening induced by a dense layer of strongly adsorbed counter-ions or by the absence of the proper reactive surface groups. Therefore, the modulation of the surface conductivity is generated by the oxidized regions, which are described as microscopic chemical in-plane gates. The pH sensitivity mechanism proposed here differs qualitatively from the one used to explain the behavior of conventional ion sensitive field effect transistors, resulting in a pH sensitivity higher than the Nernstian limit.

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“…High-pressure/high-temperature single-crystalline diamond (SCD) has several unique characteristics such as extraordinary carrier mobility [1], excellent bio-compatibility and a large electrochemistry potential window (3.0-3.5 V) [2]. However, its hardness, excellent wear resistance, low friction coefficient and chemical inertness limit the ways in which the material can be processed or modified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, its hardness, excellent wear resistance, low friction coefficient and chemical inertness limit the ways in which the material can be processed or modified. The use of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) has enabled the fabrication of a wide range of devices in the bulk of SCD such as in vivo bio-electronic devices [2,3], power devices [4], cantilever scanning probes [5], micro/nano-electromechanical systems [6] and microfluidic channels [7]. Previous studies have also discussed micromachining using a focused ion beam (FIB) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of femtosecond laser surface patterning on bulk single-crystalline diamond

Lee

Shi

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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Preliminary work is reported on 2-D and 3-D microstructures written directly with a Yb:YAG 1026 nm femtosecond (fs) laser on bulk chemical vapour deposition (CVD) single-crystalline diamond. Smooth graphitic lines and other structures were written on the surface of a CVD diamond sample with a thickness of 0.7 mm under low laser fluences. This capability opens up the opportunity for making electronic devices and micro-electromechanical structures on diamond substrates. The fabrication process was optimised through testing a range of laser energies at a 100 kHz repetition rate with sub-500 fs pulses. These graphitic lines and structures have been characterised using optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Using these analysis techniques, the formation of sp 2 and sp 3 bonds is explored and the ratio between sp 2 and sp 3 bonds after fs laser patterning is quantified. We present the early findings from this study and characterise the relationship between the graphitic line formation and the different fs laser exposure conditions.

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Electrolyte-Solution-Gate FETs Using Diamond Surface for Biocompatible Ion Sensors

Cited by 130 publications

References 17 publications

Penicillin detection with nanocrystalline‐diamond field‐effect sensor

Penicillin detection with nanocrystalline‐diamond field‐effect sensor

p H sensors based on hydrogenated diamond surfaces

Analysis of femtosecond laser surface patterning on bulk single-crystalline diamond

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