Electrolytes and clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack

Abstract

Background: Abnormal electrolytes were closely related to the prognosis of various diseases, the prognostic role of electrolytes in stroke has not been investigated well. We aimed to investigate the association between electrolytes and clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods: Data were recruited from the China National Stroke Registry III study. Patients were classified into three groups according to tertiles and the normal range of each electrolyte. Multivariable logistic and Cox proportional hazards regressions were adopted to explore the associations of electrolytes with poor functional outcomes [modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 3-6/2-6] and all-cause death at 3 months and 1 year.Results: A total of 10,299 eligible patients were enrolled. After adjusted for confounding factors, the first tertile electrolytes were associated with increased risk of poor functional outcome (mRS score 3-6) at 1 year, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.33 (1.14-1.55) for potassium, 1.41 (1.20-1.60) for sodium, 1.27 (1.08-1.48) for chloride, compared with the second tertile. Similar results were found when poor functional outcome was defined as mRS score 2-6 and all-cause death. However, almost no significant association was present of calcium with these outcomes. All results were consistent when each electrolyte was classified into three groups according to the normal range and the outcomes timepoint was set at 3 months.Conclusions: Lower levels of potassium, sodium, chloride but not calcium were associated with higher risk of poor functional outcomes and death in patients with AIS or TIA.

Procalcitonin as a prognostic marker in patients with acute ischemic stroke

“…While Wang et al studied 10,299 eligible patients in total, Poor functional outcome utilising mRs was shown to be related with lower levels of potassium and sodium, but there was no significant relationship between calcium and these outcomes, which contradicts our findings. The gap may be attributable to variations in demographic characteristics, as well as the bigger sample size and longer length of follow up in this investigation (Wang et al,35) The present research performed a regression analysis for the prediction of a bad result; the presence of hypertension, increased CRP, and PCT were regarded risk predictors of a poor outcome among the patients examined. There was a correlation between increasing PCT levels and higher mRS scores.…”

Association of potassium and sodium parameters with the type of stroke

“…Approximately 15 million people worldwide are affected by stroke each year, making it the third leading cause of death after coronary artery disease and cancer [1,9]. Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and hypernatremia are common electrolyte disturbances in patients with stroke [10,11].…”

The utility of serum glucose potassium ratio as a predictive factor for haemorrhagic transformation, stroke recurrence, and mortality among ischemic stroke patients

“…Therefore, exploring parameters that can be easily measured in blood samples and yield rapid results has been helpful in guiding clinical decision-making at the time of hospital admission. Examples include serum glucose and electrolytes such as sodium, calcium, chloride, and potassium ( Piironen et al, 2012 , Wang et al, 2021a ).…”