Electrolytes for Energy Dense Batteries

Abstract

The ever-rising demands for energy dense electrochemical storage systems have been driving interests in beyond Li-ion batteries such as those based on lithium and magnesium metals. These high energy density batteries suffer from several challenges, several of which stem from the flammability/volatility of the electrolytes and/or instability of the electrolyte with either the negative, positive electrode or both. Recently, hydride-based electrolytes have been paving a path towards overcoming these issues. Namely, highly performing solid state electrolytes have been reported and several key challenges in multivalent batteries were overcome. In this review, the classes of hydride-based electrolytes reported for energy dense batteries are discussed. Future perspectives are presented to guide research directions in this field.

Observations on the connection of the 11-year Solar Cycle and the El Niño and La Niña phenomena and rainfall in the Amazon (1980-2030).

“…Changes in atmospheric circulation in the tropical zone (Walker cell) induce change in rainfall patterns, devastating floods, and severe droughts that can drastically affect the lives of millions of people [1]. In the mosaic of landscapes that is tropical South America the tendencies for rainfall, in the Amazon in eastern Brazil, to the northwest of Peru are well-defined by long-term hydrological data for the Amazon basin that were recorded during the 20 th century.…”