Electrolytic extraction of yttrium using recycle liquid gallium electrode from molten LiCl-KCl

Wang, Yingcai; Liu, Qian; Zhang, Shuang; Wang, Youqun; Dai, Ying; Dong, Zhili; Cheng, Zhengwang; Cao, Xiaohong; Chen, Yuqian; Zhang, Zhibin; Liu, Yuhui

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120972

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A similar investigation was carried out by Wang et al for Y recovery from spent fuel from molten LiCl–KCl, this time using a liquid Ga electrode. 166 Similar analyses were performed as the previous study by the same authors, with a maximum extraction rate of 99.39% quantified by ICP-AES. Separation of U from Ce, La and Sm in LiCl–KCl systems using porous Al electrodes was investigated by Wang et al 167 Almost no lanthanides were detected in the electrolysis products using ICP-AES, with a rapid and efficient separation and improved kinetic performance using an Al honeycomb electrode with regular pores compared with Al foam electrodes with irregular pores.…”

Section: Inorganic Chemicals and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

Clough,

Fisher,

Gibson

et al. 2023

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Inorganic Chemicals and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

Clough,

Fisher,

Gibson

et al. 2023

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, the reduction behavior on the Mo cathode of Ga(III) ions can be considered as a two-step electron transfer from Ga(III) to Ga(I) and Ga(I) to Ga(0). 29 Figure 1b shows the CV curves at a range of scanning rates in NaCl-2CsCl-GaCl 3 eutectic salt with a scanning interval of −1.0−0 V. As shown in Figure 1c,e, the redox peak potentials of the two reaction processes hardly vary with the natural logarithm of the scan rates, indicating that the reduction of Ga(III)/Ga(I) and Ga(I)/Ga(0) on the Mo cathode are reversible processes in the measured scan rate range (100−200 mV s −1 ). In addition, Figure 1d,f shows that a linear relationship between the peak current (I p ) of the two reactions and the square root of the scanning rate (v 1/2 ) the peak and almost all of them have passed the zero point, inferring that both reaction processes are controlled by diffusion.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, the redox peak A′/A can be recognized, which should be corresponded to the deposition and dissolution of alkali metal Na(I)/Na(0), B′/B may be related to the dissolution/deposition of Ga x Na y alloys, and the redox peaks C 1 ′/C 1 and C 2 ′/C 2 are attributed to the redox reaction of Ga(III). Therefore, the reduction behavior on the Mo cathode of Ga(III) ions can be considered as a two-step electron transfer from Ga(III) to Ga(I) and Ga(I) to Ga(0) Figure b shows the CV curves at a range of scanning rates in NaCl-2CsCl-GaCl 3 eutectic salt with a scanning interval of −1.0–0 V. As shown in Figure c,e, the redox peak potentials of the two reaction processes hardly vary with the natural logarithm of the scan rates, indicating that the reduction of Ga(III)/Ga(I) and Ga(I)/Ga(0) on the Mo cathode are reversible processes in the measured scan rate range (100–200 mV s –1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Extraction of Fission Element Samarium from Molten NaCl-2CsCl Eutectic Salt Using the Liquid Gallium Cathode

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effective extraction of neutron poison samarium from nuclear waste to prevent reactions with metallic uranium is crucial for the sustainable development of nuclear energy. The electrochemical recovery of samarium on the liquid gallium cathode from the NaCl-2CsCl molten salts has been investigated by a variety of electrochemical techniques, and its electrochemical reduction properties and kinetic parameters have been provided. It was revealed that the reduction reaction on the Mo cathode of Ga(III) to Ga(0) and Sm(III) to Sm(II) is a two-step and one-step reaction process, respectively, and both reactions are reversible. The diffusion coefficients of Ga(III)/Ga(II) and Sm(III)/Sm(II) were identified, and the activation energies were 20.07 and 42.96 kJ mol −1 , respectively. Simultaneously, the codeposition mechanism of Ga(III) and Sm(III) on the Mo cathode was systematically investigated, and the potential and types of formation of binary intermetallic compounds were explored. Subsequently, it was determined that there are two main reaction processes for Sm(III) on the liquid Ga cathode, and the deposition potential of Sm becomes more positive due to the formation of the alloy. The exchange current density values of Sm(III)/Sm(Ga) obtained by both linear polarity (LP) and Tafel techniques increased with temperature, meanwhile the charge transfer resistance decreased, as well as the transfer coefficient. In addition, the apparent electrode potential of Sm(III)/Sm(Ga) was also calculated. Based on the electrochemical analysis, the fission element Sm was deposited on the liquid Ga cathode by potentiostatic electrolysis at a suitable potential, and the alloy products were verified by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Ultimately, the highest separation efficiency of Sm on the liquid Ga cathode reached 92.43% according to the analysis of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) results.

show abstract

“…According to the Nernst equation, the equilibrium electrode potential can be expressed by the standard electrode potential: ,, where E Sn(II)/Sn(0) eq and E Sn(II)/Sn(0) 0 are the equilibrium and standard electrode potential, respectively, and a Sn(II) and a Sn(0) are the activity coefficients of Sn(II) and Sn(0), respectively. The standard apparent electrode potential E Sn(II)/Sn(0) *0 can be obtained from the standard electrode potential E Sn(II)/Sn(0) 0 : where ; X Sn(II) is the molar content of Sn(II) in the melts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Recovery of the Fission Element Neodymium by Electrodeposition from Molten LiCl–KCl and Research on the Thermodynamics and Dynamics of Processes

Wang

Liu

Quan

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The efficient extraction of neodymium, a neutron poison, is of great significance in the dry reprocessing process for the nuclear fuel cycle. The electrochemical extraction of neodymium on a tin electrode has been studied in molten salts by various electrochemical methods, and its kinetic and thermodynamic parameters have been provided. The calculated values of the diffusion coefficient and diffusion activity energy for Sn(II) and Nd(III) on the W electrode are 1.34 × 10–5 to 3.54 × 10–5 cm2 S–1/36.17 kJ mol–1 and 2.18 × 10–5 to 3.06 × 10–5 cm2 S–1/31.19 kJ mol–1, respectively. The deposition mechanism and precipitation potential sequence of Sn(II) and Nd(III) for the W electrode were studied in detail by cyclic voltammetry and open circuit chronopotential, and the formation enthalpy and entropy of Sn3Gd intermetallic compound are −271.9 kJ mol–1 and −55.9 J mol–1 K–1. According to the analysis of the electrochemical potential parameters, the appropriate potential and current were selected for the electrolysis experiments. Therefore, the fission product neodymium is deposited on the liquid tin cathode via potentiostatic/galvanostatic technologies. X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize the cathode alloy samples. The average recovery rate of neodymium on the liquid tin cathode is about 99.08% by multiple analysis of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry.

show abstract

Electrolytic extraction of yttrium using recycle liquid gallium electrode from molten LiCl-KCl

Cited by 27 publications

References 55 publications

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

Electrochemical Extraction of Fission Element Samarium from Molten NaCl-2CsCl Eutectic Salt Using the Liquid Gallium Cathode

Efficient Recovery of the Fission Element Neodymium by Electrodeposition from Molten LiCl–KCl and Research on the Thermodynamics and Dynamics of Processes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About