Electromagnetic background created by base and mobile radio equipment of cellular communications

Correlation between the potential electromagnetic pollution level and the danger of COVID-19. 4G/5G/6G can be safe for people

“…3. The calculated data contained in [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51], as well as preliminary quantitative estimates using (2), ( 3), ( 5) -( 9), ( 11), (12), indicate that the fulfillment of severe hygiene restrictions on the MPL of EM background 1-10 μW/cm 2 , which take into account the danger of non-thermal effects of radio frequency EM fields on public health, in 4G/5G/6G networks, and the safe development of these networks to the levels indicated in Table 1, are quite possible under the following conditions: a) reducing the distances of high-speed wireless data transmission up to a few tens of meters or less in conditions of direct visibility and lack of multipath RWP [50,51] so that the achieved SEMLA level created by CC BS in UHF bands will be no more than half of the accepted MPL value [44]; b) using the external micro-and macro-BS of CC substantially for mobile telephony and technological low data rate services, including such wireless servicing of mobile objects, with a restriction to safe levels of data transfer rates over the RFC of these BS; c) fast developing of 4G/5G/6G technologies and systems towards the implementation of system and technical solutions related to increasing spectral and network energy efficiency and ensuring decrease in EM background levels created by 4G/5G/6G radio networks, ensuring in them the maximum possible level of adaptation of power and directivity of EM radiation, optimization of the volume of wireless information services; d) following the example of [21][22][23], introduction of reasonable restrictions on the use of wireless services in places requiring special attention -in places where children stay (kindergartens, schools, etc. ), in hospitals, in vehicles, etc., providing the necessary level of public EM safety.…”

“…These difficulties can be effectively overcome by using my technique [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] of worst-case system analysis of EM background created by CC, which allows to perform the pessimistic estimation of EM background average intensity near the ground surface with the use of integral system CC parameters, given in Table 1.…”

“…EM background Intensity created by BS of CCThe average total intensity ZBS [W/m 2 ] of EM background created in OP near the ground surface by a set of BS located randomly uniformly (with respect to the OP position) in the area of BS radio visibility from the OP, is determined by the following expression[44,46,47]:…”

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Levels at Workplaces of Technical Specialists of Cellular Communication

“…Таким образом, необходимость объективного изучения особенностей влияния модулированных ЭМП приобретает особую значимость в связи с широким распространением систем сотовой связи как источника профессионального и непрофессионального воздействия на человека ЭМП [20]. Чрезвычайно интенсивное развитие сотовой связи является причиной существенного увеличения электромагнитного фона [21]. Среди источников ЭМП неионизирующей природы большим разнообразием по назначению и режимам электромагнитного излучения отличаются источники, генерирующие ЭМИ в диапазоне радиочастот (ЭМП РЧ), т. е. от 30 кГц до 300 ГГц.…”