2013
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.88.053808
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Electromagnetic force density in electrically and magnetically polarizable media

Abstract: The force density induced by electromagnetic fields in electrically and magnetically polarizable media is studied analytically. Different formulations of the force density as a function of field-related quantities, including the spatial derivatives of the fields, gradients of the field intensity, phase gradients, electromagnetic power flow (Poynting vector field), and kinetic momentum flow, are introduced. These formulations retain certain symmetries with respect to the force expressions introduced in previous… Show more

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Cited by 26 publications
(25 citation statements)
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“…As we mentioned in the Introduction, a small absorbing particle immersed in the field can be employed as a natural meter of these quantities. Calculating the radiation force and torque on a dipole Rayleigh particle with equal electric and magnetic polarizabilities, a e ¼ a m ¼ a, one can show that they are determined by the canonical momentum and spin densities [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] (see Supplementary Note 3):…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As we mentioned in the Introduction, a small absorbing particle immersed in the field can be employed as a natural meter of these quantities. Calculating the radiation force and torque on a dipole Rayleigh particle with equal electric and magnetic polarizabilities, a e ¼ a m ¼ a, one can show that they are determined by the canonical momentum and spin densities [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] (see Supplementary Note 3):…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A remarkable improvement in the figure of merit (FOM) of a negative refractive index of a fishnet metamaterial operating in the visible range has been recorded using dye molecules embedded in epoxy resin and pumped by picosecond pulses [35,37]. Although important progress has been made in theory [14,15,34,35,[38][39][40] and experiments [14,15,33,36,37,[41][42][43], there still exist concerns about the viability of active compensation of loss by gain medium for practically large-volume metamaterials [14]. First, it was shown that causality and the stability of the system make the loss compensation difficult without compromising interesting properties of the metamaterials [14,44,45].…”
Section: Pacs Numbersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the most attention was devoted to the spherical designs and to some extent to the circular cylindrical designs as well. Spherical active coated NPs, consisting of a dielectric core impregnated with a canonical, constant frequency gain medium, layered with a plasmonic shell, were studied for potential nano-laser and directivity enhancement applications in [6,10,11], as well as for potential nano-sensing applications [12]. Moreover, similar NPs were employed in the design of optical metamaterials [8], whereas artificial material designs utilizing more realistic spherical active NPs were reported in [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%