“…The abil-ity to produce customized parts with high precision and accuracy can lead to cost savings and reduced lead times in the production process. Overall, using LPBF offers numerous advantages over traditional manufacturing techniques, making it a promising avenue for future research and development in the manufacturing industry [25]. One of the most promising applications of the LPBF technique is in the production of electromagnetic actuators (EMA) [26,27,28], which are used in a wide range of industrial and consumer applications, such as robotics, aerospace, automotive, and medical devices.…”