Electromagnetically Induced Transparency: Propagation Dynamics

Kasapi, A.; Jain, Maneesh; Yin, G. Y.; Harris, S. E.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.74.2447

Cited by 655 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This steepness may be extremely high due to extreme narrowness of the coherence resonance of the ground state sublevels. Under these conditions, it appears possible to demonstrate anomalously high retardation of a light pulse in the medium [8][9][10]. The most impressive results with the reduction of the light group velocity by more than seven orders of magnitud have been obtained using ultracold sodium atoms (in the vicinity of the Bose-Einstain condensation temperature) [11,12].…”

Section: 'Slow Light' and The Goal Of These Notesmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Aleksandrov¹,

Zapasskiĭ²

2006

PHYS-USP

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A critical review of experimental studies of the so-called 'slow light' Arising from the anomalously high steepness of the refractive index dispersion under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency or coherent population oscillations is presented. It is shown that a considerable amount of experimental evidence for observation of the 'slow light' is not related to the low group velocity of light and can be easily interpreted in terms of a standard model of interaction of light with a saturable absorber.

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Section: 'Slow Light' and The Goal Of These Notesmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…It is implied, of course, that the changes in the pulse shape are negligibly small. The pulse delays considerably exceeding their width has been indeed observed in [10,11], in which the conditions for observation of the EIT effect were satisfied, and the interpretation of the results raises no questions.…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Aleksandrov¹,

Zapasskiĭ²

2006

PHYS-USP

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“…It depends on the balance between the losses, which include the Raman absorption dip and the absorption from the Doppler broadened 1-photon transition, and the 4WM gain. Factors influencing the peak position are the spread of values for ∆ 1 due to the Doppler broadening, the spread of values for Ω 1 and Ω 2 due to the Zeeman degeneracy, the contribution of the usual dispersion of the Doppler broadened vapor to the slow-down of the probe, and the only approximate phase matching. In practice, this means that the position of the gain peak varies by up to 20 MHz depending on parameters like the temperature, ∆ 1 and the probe intensity.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…They rely either on a reduction of the absorption, such as electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [1], coherent population oscillations [2], and dual absorption lines [3], or on a gain resonance, like stimulated Brillouin scattering [4] and stimulated Raman scattering [5]. To be useful in the context of all-optical signal processing, an optical delay line should be able to produce a fractional delay (defined as the ratio of the delay to the duration of the pulse) larger than unity with only modest absorption and pulse broadening.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultraslow Propagation of Matched Pulses by Four-Wave Mixing in an Atomic Vapor

et al. 2007

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We have observed the ultraslow propagation of matched pulses in nondegenerate four-wave mixing in a hot atomic vapor. Probe pulses as short as 70 ns can be delayed by a tunable time of up to 40 ns with little broadening or distortion. During the propagation, a probe pulse is amplified and generates a conjugate pulse which is faster and separates from the probe pulse before getting locked to it at a fixed delay. The precise timing of this process allows us to determine the key coefficients of the susceptibility tensor. The presence of gain in this system makes this system very interesting in the context of all-optical information processing.

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“…Among these applications are continuously tunable delay lines, all-optical buffers [1], optical pattern correlation, ultra-strong crossphase modulation [2], low light level nonlinear optics [3,4,5], and numerous others. The means for obtaining ultra-slow group velocities have usually involved a Lorentzian transparency or gain resonance: electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [6,7,8,9,10], coherent population oscillations (CPO) [11,12,13], stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) [14,15,16], stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) [17,18] etc..…”

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confidence: 99%

Low-distortion slow light using two absorption resonances

2006

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We consider group delay and broadening using two strongly absorbing and widely spaced resonances. We derive relations which show that very large pulse bandwidths coupled with large group delays and small broadening can be achieved. Unlike single resonance systems the dispersive broadening dominates the absorptive broadening which leads to a dramatic increase in the possible group delay. We show that the double resonance systems are excellent candidates for realizing all-optical delay lines. We report on an experiment which achieved up to 50 pulse delays with 40% broadening.A variety of applications in telecommunications and quantum information have been driving recent interest in slow group velocities of light pulses. Among these applications are continuously tunable delay lines, all-optical buffers [1], optical pattern correlation, ultra-strong crossphase modulation [2], low light level nonlinear optics [3,4,5], and numerous others. The means for obtaining ultra-slow group velocities have usually involved a Lorentzian transparency or gain resonance: electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [6,7,8,9,10], coherent population oscillations (CPO) [11,12,13], stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) [14,15,16], stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) [17,18] etc..In this paper we discuss delaying pulses whose center frequency lies between two strongly absorbing resonances. Many researchers have considered using gain doublets in the context of pulse advancement [19,20,21,22,23], and Macke and Segard [22] have discussed pulse advancements for absorptive doublets. Grischkowsky [24] measured the delay of a pulse between two Zeemanshifted absorbing resonances, and Tanaka et al. [25] performed initial measurements of the delay of a pulse between two atomic hyperfine resonances. This work considers both delay and broadening with an emphasis on the suitability of the delay and broadening characteristics for practical applications.In the context of optical delay lines, several criteria must be satisfied for slow light to be useful. First, the slowed light pulses must meet system bandwidth specifications. Second, the delay-bandwidth product must be much larger than unity. Third, the delay re-configuration rate should be faster than the inverse pulse propagation time through the medium. Fourth, pulse absorption must be kept to a minimum. Fifth, the pulse broadening should also be minimal. The exact requirements for practical optical buffers are application dependant. A typical system operating at 10 Gb/sec with return-tozero coding and a 50 % duty cycle might require 7.5 GHz signal bandwidth, a delay bandwidth product of 1000, a re-configuration rate in excess of 7.5 MHz with less than 90% absorption and pulse broadening of less than 2.Despite widespread interest in large pulse delays, simultaneously satisfying all five criteria for most applications has proven difficult. In this paper we show that double Lorentzian systems manages four of these criteria well: large bandwidth, large delay bandwidth product, minimal absorption and ...

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Electromagnetically Induced Transparency: Propagation Dynamics

Cited by 655 publications

References 19 publications

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Ultraslow Propagation of Matched Pulses by Four-Wave Mixing in an Atomic Vapor

Low-distortion slow light using two absorption resonances

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