Electromechanical properties of knitted wearable sensors: part 1 – theory

Wang, Jinfeng; Long, Hairu; Soltanian, Saeid; Servati, Peyman; Ko, Frank

doi:10.1177/0040517513487789

Cited by 38 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Electroconductive properties of woven and knitted fabrics are modeled using the equivalent resistance schemes in particular. [12][13][14][15][16] The fabric is seen from an electrical point of view as an electrical circuit composed of connected resistors and a battery. Yarns are ideal resistors of known resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Model for Predicting the Resistivity of an Electroconductive Woven Structure

Tokarska

2017

Journal of Elec Materi

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Highly conductive woven fabrics (WF) can be used as electronic components. Resistivity is an intrinsic physical property of the conductive textile materials (CTM). The McLachlan model that describes the resistivity of a two-component macroscopic composite (TCMC) subjected to a constant external electric field was proposed to predict the resistivity of fabrics. The volume fraction of voids in material, the voids dimension, and a single morphology parameter were taken into account. The resistivity of a chosen WF was determined based on the model. Verification of the received results was carried out. In the case of four samples, the verification was confirmed by the high level of prediction being in the range of 83-88%. In the case of one sample, the verification was negative (26%). This allowed one to pay attention to the influence of compactness and irregularity of the woven structure on results received using the model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Model for Predicting the Resistivity of an Electroconductive Woven Structure

Tokarska

2017

Journal of Elec Materi

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“…Academic research shows a greater diversity in E-textiles, with the development of sensors, actuators and power sources. A number of different textiles manufacturing techniques have been utilized to create E-textiles, such as handcraft techniques like crochet and felting [4], fabric printing [5] and dyeing [6], knitting [7], as well as weaving [8] and embroidery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Knitted E-textiles

Chen

Tan

Tao

et al. 2018

Artificial Intelligence on Fashion and Textiles

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This paper considers the progress made in E-textiles within knitted textiles and discusses what 'Project Jacquard' and the debut of the woven Levi's Commuter X Jacquard by Google jacket helps reveal about the relationship between E-textiles and textiles manufacturing. The paper considers research conducted within the fields of Art, Design and Technology, along with materials with interesting and novel properties that have been integrated into knitted textiles by practitioners and researchers. Such materials can embellish or enhance knitted fabric, from creating additional visual interest to practical functions. However, due to the physical properties of these types of materials, not all materials can be knitted into the fabric with ease; the optimal machine settings and techniques must be determined. Adapting to the physical characteristics of these innovative materials is a logical design requirement of the prototype development process but when we look to adopt the same principles as 'Project Jacquard'; manufacturing knitted E-textiles to scale, the challenges of the material/machinery relationship become more of an issue. This raises the question as to whether it is better to develop the material for better textiles integration, or to optimize the production process to suit the material.

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“…Many papers have described theoretical and experimental investigations of the relationship between the resistance and the elongation of conductive fabrics. Electromechanical properties of knitted wearable sensors have been studied using the hexagon resistance model [8] and the conductive deformation behaviour of the fabric has been predicted and experimentally verified [9]. Moreover, the elongation and time dependent behaviour of a stretched fabric [10] have also been taken into account, as well as the temperature effect on the conductivity of the knitted fabrics [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of changes in the electrical properties of novel knitted conductive textiles during cyclic loading

Isaia

McNally

McMaster³

et al. 2016

2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

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Abstract-Combining stainless steel with polyester fibres adds an attractive conductive behaviour to the yarn. Once knitted in such a manner, fabrics develop sensing properties that make the textiles, also known as e-textiles, suitable for smart/wearable applications. Structural deformations of the fibres (e.g. stretching) will cause changes in the conductivity of the fabric. This work investigates changes in the electrical properties exhibited by four knitted conductive textiles made of 20% stainless steel and 80% polyester fibres during cyclic loading. The samples were preconditioned first with 500 hundred cycles of unidirectional elongation and, after a rest interval, tested again for repeatability at the same conditions. In both cases the electrical behaviour stabilises after a few tens of cycles. In particular the repeatability test exhibited a considerably smaller settling time and a larger resistance due to the mechanical stabilisation and the loosening of the fabrics, respectively. It was found that the current provided to the fabrics affects the resistance measurements by decreasing the resistance value at which the samples become electrically stable. The reported findings present a valid method for the electrical characterisation of conductive textiles for use in further studies as a wearable technology.

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Electromechanical properties of knitted wearable sensors: part 1 – theory

Cited by 38 publications

References 32 publications

Mathematical Model for Predicting the Resistivity of an Electroconductive Woven Structure

Mathematical Model for Predicting the Resistivity of an Electroconductive Woven Structure

Challenges in Knitted E-textiles

Investigation of changes in the electrical properties of novel knitted conductive textiles during cyclic loading

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