Electromechanical Response of Smart Ultra-High Performance Concrete under External Loads Corresponding to Different Electrical Measurements

Kim, Min Kyoung; Le, Huy Viet; Kim, Dong-Joo

doi:10.3390/s21041281

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In measuring the electrical response of smart concrete under load, the direct current (DC) measurement method has a difficulty in the electrical polarization causing time drift [ 34 ]. To minimize or eliminate the polarization effect, alternative current (AC) measurement method [ 1 , 27 , 34 , 35 ] and biphasic DC measurement approach [ 36 , 37 ] have been recently used. In this study, a commercial AC multimeter was utilized to measure the electrical resistivity of the SCA.…”

Section: Smart Uhpc Containing Both Fssas and Steel Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Innovative Smart Concrete Anchorage with Self-Stress Sensing Capacity of Prestressing Stress of PS Tendon

Lee

Kim

et al. 2021

Sensors

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An innovative smart concrete anchorage (SCA) has been developed for monitoring the stress of prestressing (PS) tendons by utilizing smart ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC). The smart UHPC contained 2 vol% steel fibers and fine steel slag aggregates instead of silica sands. The effects of different electrode materials, arrangements, and connectors on the self-stress sensing capacity of the SCA are discussed. A prototype SCA demonstrated its feasibility and sufficient self-stress sensing capacity to be used in monitoring the prestressing loss of the PS tendon. As the tensile stress of the PS tendon increased from 0 to 1488 MPa, the fractional change in resistivity (FCR) of the prototype SCA, with horizontally paired copper wire electrodes and a plug-in type connector, decreased linearly from 0% to −1.53%, whereas the FCR increased linearly from −1.53% to −0.04% as the tensile stress of the PS tendon decreased from 1488 to 331 MPa.

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Section: Smart Uhpc Containing Both Fssas and Steel Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Innovative Smart Concrete Anchorage with Self-Stress Sensing Capacity of Prestressing Stress of PS Tendon

Lee

Kim

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…Smart ultra-high performance concrete (S-UHPC) has been recently developed and validated for its high-sensitive sensing capability [3,[21][22][23][24]. The S-UHPC contained fine steel slag aggregates (FSSAs) instead of silica sands or replacing the 50% of silica sands in normal UHPC composition in order to uniformly distribute electrically conductive functional fillers within the matrix.…”

Section: Smart Ultra-high-performance Concrete Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Low-Cost Wireless Sensing System for Smart Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Kim

Khan

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This study proposes the development of a wireless sensor system integrated with smart ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) for sensing and transmitting changes in stress and damage occurrence in real-time. The smart UHPC, which has the self-sensing ability, comprises steel fibers, fine steel slag aggregates (FSSAs), and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as functional fillers. The proposed wireless sensing system used a low-cost microcontroller unit (MCU) and two-probe resistance sensing circuit to capture change in electrical resistance of self-sensing UHPC due to external stress. For wireless transmission, the developed wireless sensing system used Bluetooth low energy (BLE) beacon for low-power and multi-channel data transmission. For experimental validation of the proposed smart UHPC, two types of specimens for tensile and compression tests were fabricated. In the laboratory test, using a universal testing machine, the change in electrical resistivity was measured and compared with a reference DC resistance meter. The proposed wireless sensing system showed decreased electrical resistance under compressive and tensile load. The fractional change in resistivity (FCR) was monitored at 39.2% under the maximum compressive stress and 12.35% per crack under the maximum compressive stress tension. The electrical resistance changes in both compression and tension showed similar behavior, measured by a DC meter and validated the developed integration of wireless sensing system and smart UHPC.

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“…Some other authors have used the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to study the corrosion of reinforcements in alkali activated materials [22][23][24][25]. Other authors have used the technique in materials that include carbon additions [26,27], and even it has been used for the following of mechanical loading and damage sensing [28]. After an exhaustive search in the literature, only one recent paper has been found about the use of impedance spectroscopy to study the evolution of the microstructure of alkali activated slag [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Impedance Spectroscopy for the Characterization of the Microstructure of Alkali Activated SiMn Slag: Influence of Activator and Time Evolution

et al. 2022

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The impedance spectroscopy technique has been used to study the microstructure of the binder resulting from the alkaline activation of SiMn slag. Two alkaline activators were used: waterglass and NaOH. Three different concentrations were analysed for both activators: 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0% Na2O for NaOH; and 4.0, 4.5 and 5.0% Na2O for waterglass with a constant SiO2/Na2O ratio of 1.0. The time evolution of the microstructure has been followed up using the non-destructive technique of impedance spectroscopy. This technique has been proved to be effective describing the microstructural changes in alkali activated pastes, and also can help predicting the mechanical behavior of mortars. The use of the resistivity itself seems to be deficient, but the analysis of the electrical parameters calculated from the impedance spectra measured gives a complete idea of the evolution in the material.

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Electromechanical Response of Smart Ultra-High Performance Concrete under External Loads Corresponding to Different Electrical Measurements

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

An Innovative Smart Concrete Anchorage with Self-Stress Sensing Capacity of Prestressing Stress of PS Tendon

An Innovative Smart Concrete Anchorage with Self-Stress Sensing Capacity of Prestressing Stress of PS Tendon

Development of Low-Cost Wireless Sensing System for Smart Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Use of Impedance Spectroscopy for the Characterization of the Microstructure of Alkali Activated SiMn Slag: Influence of Activator and Time Evolution

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