Electromobility framework study: infrastructure and urban planning for EV charging station empowered by PV‐based microgrid

Abstract

The growth of electric vehicles (EVs) market is an important step towards achieving carbon-free urban mobility. The coupling with renewable energy production according to an optimised model of energy management within an urban microgrid responds to tomorrow's challenges of networks and smart cities. This study aims to define an intelligent infrastructure dedicated to the recharge of EVs (IIREVs) in an urban area as a charging station empowered by photovoltaic (PV)-based microgrid. This system can facilitate interactions between the IIREVs, the public power distribution network, the users of EVs, and the surrounding building. The study provides key elements to encourage the stakeholders to develop IIREVs within societal expectations, urban planning, and in adequacy with the sustainable development goals. In addition, the study highlights multidisciplinary research position that demonstrates the need of a systemic approach to remain centred on users demand and needs, to asses efficiency at various scales of IIREVs, associated services, and power grid. By using a multidisciplinary framework leading to a technical-economic-environmental evaluation methodology for IIREVs and presenting a study case, the main result of this study focuses on requirements and feasibility of IIREVs implantation within the best fitting urban areas.

Modelling, Simulation, and Management Strategy of an Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based on a DC Microgrid

“…At the physical level, EV charging stations based on a DC microgrid, consisting of PV source, storage system, public grid connection, are easy to design and implement in shopping malls, school parking lots, community parking lots, etc. The PV-based EV charging station takes full advantage of renewable energy that PV sources provide, improves peak performance of the public grid without increasing the grid capacity and, most importantly, it has succeeded in achieving social acceptance during a social acceptability study [20,21]. In addition, the proposed power management deals with the uncertainties of EV driver's behavior considering its arbitrary and random choices through the human-computer interface, which considers most of the drivers' choices and is easy to be accepted by users.…”

“…Regarding the public grid, taking into account a power limit reduces the negative impact on the stability of the system. EV charging stations empowered by PV-based microgrid have been supported by government departments and achieved social acceptance [21].Considering the EV charging station modelling proposed in Locment, F et al [22,23], this paper presents an EV charging station model empowered by a direct current (DC) microgrid. The DC microgrid aggregates EVs, a storage system, a public grid connection, and a PV source, aiming at power balancing of the system [24], and bringing various interests Yong, J.Y.…”

“…Regarding the public grid, taking into account a power limit reduces the negative impact on the stability of the system. EV charging stations empowered by PV-based microgrid have been supported by government departments and achieved social acceptance [21].…”

Power system transition in China under the coordinated development of power sources, network, demand response, and energy storage

“…As the penetration rate of electric vehicles increases, the two traditional sectors, power sector and transportation sectors, are showing a trend of integration. Moreover, the collaborative optimization of EV charging facilities (charging pile, charging stations, and battery swapping stations) and transportation facilities will become one of the key issues in urban infrastructure planning (Perera, Hewage, & Sadiq, 2020; Sechilariu, Molines, Richard, & Martell Flores, 2019). At the operation level, the integrated “vehicle‐pile‐grid” optimization will be achieved via the sector coupling between power and transportation systems.…”

DC Microgrid System Modeling and Simulation Based on a Specific Algorithm for Grid-Connected and Islanded Modes with Real-Time Demand-Side Management Optimization

“…However, power generated using renewable sources is strongly influenced by weather, which produces intermittent power, and it cannot be directly used by the load and is also not easy to be fully stored. Thus, a microgrid becomes a good technology to solve the problem [1]. A microgrid is a power supply grid, which works in a small power range in comparison to a public grid.…”