Electromyographic Analysis of Shoulder Joint Function of the Biceps Brachii Muscle During Isometric Contraction

Sakurai, Goro; Ozaki, Jiro; Tomita, Yoshihiro; Nishimoto, Katsuo; Tamai, Susumu

doi:10.1097/00003086-199809000-00015

Cited by 88 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…5,28 This was confirmed using surface electrical stimulation of the biceps in two neurologically intact subjects. Biceps activation (EMG) has also been observed during voluntary shoulder abduction tasks 31 ; however, activation appears to depend on the nature of the task 4,17 and under some circumstances the biceps does not appear to contribute to abduction at all. 17 Together, these results suggest that stretch reflex activation of biarticular elbow flexors could not have produced the observed shoulder adduction torque.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multijoint reflexes of the stroke arm: Neural coupling of the elbow and shoulder

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The reflex torque responses of the elbow and shoulder to constant velocity angular extensions of the full comfortable range of the spastic elbow were measured in 16 people with unilateral stroke and 6 neurologically intact controls in order to identify the interjoint reflex coupling that occurs after stroke. The resulting responses showed a substantial reflex torque at the elbow and shoulder in subjects with stroke, with 12 of the 16 subjects producing adduction of the shoulder in response to passive extension of the elbow. The presence of simultaneous shoulder flexion torque with elbow flexion torque and with an identical waveform indicated an active role of biarticular elbow/shoulder flexors, such as the biceps. As the biceps muscle produces a shoulder abduction moment, shoulder adduction produced during elbow extension was thought to be associated with neural rather than biomechanical coupling. These results suggest that spasticity in people with stroke is more complex than its traditional perception as a hyperexcitable stretch reflex, and includes potent heteronymous reflex pathways. The reflex coupling observed between the shoulder and elbow should be considered in the diagnosis and clinical management of spasticity. The potential impact of this reflex on the coordination of volitional arm movements will be examined in future studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multijoint reflexes of the stroke arm: Neural coupling of the elbow and shoulder

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The flexor of the elbow joint (BB cl) increased its activity during generation of efforts in many directions, including those when the effort was oriented toward extension. It is probable that this is due to the fact that this muscle not only fulfills the function of the forearm flexor but also stabilizes the head of the shoulder bone, i.e., presses it against the tendon surface of the shoulder blade by the tendon [60][61][62][63][64]. The active involvement of the Br in the generation of two-joint isometric efforts, including efforts oriented along the axis of the forearm (zero moment of the force for the elbow joint), results from the polyfunctionality of this muscle and its participation both in flexion of the forearm and in pronation of the latter and stabilization of the angle in the elbow joint [65,66].…”

Section: Activation Of the Shoulder Belt And Shoulder Muscles In Genementioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of the Shoulder Belt and Shoulder Muscles in Humans Providing Generation of “Two-Joint” Isometric Efforts

Верещака

2014

Neurophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review deals with the processes of coordination of central motor commands (CMCs) that arrive at human arm muscles in the course of realization of "two-joint" voluntary isometric efforts. The dependence of formation of such motor events on changes in the direction of the generated effort is described. Differences between patterns of co-activation of the studied arm muscles under conditions of isometric contractions are presented. Based on the obtained data, directions of the developed efforts are classified as coinciding and, correspondingly, easier for realization (flexion-flexion and extensionextension in both joints), and as discordant "inconvenient" (extension in the shoulder joint-flexion in the elbow joint and flexion in the shoulder joint-extension in the elbow joint). Programming of coactivation of flexors and extensors of the shoulder and elbow joints seems to be possible at the level of CMCs. Predominant sectors of the activity of separate functional muscle groups during realization of the studied efforts are estimated. We found that the orientation of such sectors depends, in most cases, on the orientation of the effort vector but not on the position of the limb within the horizontal plane.

show abstract

“…Surface electrodes consisted of pairs of bipolar silver-silver chloride surface electrodes (2.2 cm diameter; Ambu Inc., Glen Burnie, MD, USA) and were placed on the long and short heads of the biceps, the long head of the triceps, the sternocostal and clavicular portions of the pectoralis major, the anterior, middle, and posterior portions of the deltoid, the infraspinatus, and the latissimus dorsi. Each electrode pair was spaced 2.2 cm between centers and was placed according to previously-defined locations (Basmajian and Blumenstein, 1985;Cram et al, 1998;Paton and Brown, 1995;Sakurai et al, 1998;Scheving and Pauly, 1959). Electrode pair resistance and potential difference were measured and if either measurement was vastly greater than that of the other electrode pairs (approximately two times by visual inspection), this electrode pair was removed, the skin was cleaned, and new electrodes were placed in the same locations.…”

Section: Subject Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A posterio-medial approach (Kadaba et al, 1992) was used for the insertion of the subscapularis electrode (100 mm x 23 awg cannula), the teres major electrode (30 mm x 25 awg cannula) was inserted with a direct posterior approach (Delagi et al, 1975), and the supraspinatus electrode (30 mm x 25 awg cannula) was inserted using a superior approach (Kelly et al, 1996). Intramuscular electrode placement was verified by functional muscle testing (Cram et al, 1998;Paton and Brown, 1995;Sakurai et al, 1998). The location of the teres major wire electrode was in question for many of the subjects for two reasons.…”

Section: Subject Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of three methods for determining EMG-muscle force parameter estimates for the shoulder muscles

Gatti

Doro

Langenderfer

et al. 2008

Clinical Biomechanics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Electromyographic Analysis of Shoulder Joint Function of the Biceps Brachii Muscle During Isometric Contraction

Cited by 88 publications

References 15 publications

Multijoint reflexes of the stroke arm: Neural coupling of the elbow and shoulder

Multijoint reflexes of the stroke arm: Neural coupling of the elbow and shoulder

Activation of the Shoulder Belt and Shoulder Muscles in Humans Providing Generation of “Two-Joint” Isometric Efforts

Evaluation of three methods for determining EMG-muscle force parameter estimates for the shoulder muscles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About