Electromyographic Analysis of the "Buccinator Mechanism" in Human Beings

Perkins, Ronald E.; Blanton, Patricia; Biggs, Norman

doi:10.1177/00220345770560071301

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The subject was instructed to hold the screen for as long as possible while trying to resist the pulling force maximally by tightening the lips and pressing the head backward. This activates the muscles of the entire buccinator mechanism [9] (Fig. 4), including the lips (n VII facialis), the buccinator muscle (n VII facialis), and the upper pharyngeal constrictor muscle (n X vagus, n IX glossopharyngeus -plexus pharyngeus).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable Lip Force Measurement in Healthy Controls and in Patients with Stroke: A Methodologic Study

Hägg

Olgarsson²,

Anniko

2008

Dysphagia

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A prefabricated oral screen has shown promising results as a muscle self-training device to improve the lip function of stroke patients affected by oropharyngeal dysphagia. However, a technique for the measurement of lip muscle force, whether in healthy individuals or in stroke patients, is lacking. The present study was designed to (1) test the intra- and interreliability of lip force measurements by means of a newly devised Lip Force Meter, LF100, (2) determine a normal lower limit for lip force in newtons (N), and (3) ascertain the instrument's sensitivity and specificity. LF100 is a modified strain gauge for recording the ability of lips to withstand pressure from a predentally placed oral screen. Forty-two healthy controls and 22 stroke patients agreed to participate in the trial. The controls and patients were examined three times with the LF100, with 2-min rest intervals, twice by investigator MH and once by investigator MO. Intrainvestigator reliability with the LF100 proved excellent in both controls and patients: ICC was 0.83 and 0.90, respectively. Interinvestigator reliability was good or excellent in both groups: ICC was 0.71 and 0.91. There was a significant difference in lip force between controls and stroke patients (mean = 24.7 +/- 6.3 N and 9.5 +/- 5.5 N, p < 0.001). The sensitivity of LF100 was 91% and the specificity 95%. The cutoff level for normal lip force was 15 N. The LF100 showed itself to be a suitable and reliable instrument for measuring lip force.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable Lip Force Measurement in Healthy Controls and in Patients with Stroke: A Methodologic Study

Hägg

Olgarsson²,

Anniko

2008

Dysphagia

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“…These bumpers were supplied with stainless steel knobs aimed at passive stimulation of the upper lip and the buccinator mechanism [14,15,[22][23][24]. For stimulation of the tip of the tongue, a mobile cube of stainless steel was attached to a dento-alveolar arch placed across the plate behind the incisors, in line with the canine teeth.…”

Section: Palatal Plate (Pp) Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OS training (Fig. 1) stimulates oropharyngeal tactile receptors and motor function in order to create lip closure and to raise activity of the buccinator mechanism [14,15,[21][22][23][24] supplied by facial nerves (VII), pharyngeal plexus including glossopharyngeal nerves (IX) and vagal nerves (X). When pulling the OS (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longstanding Effect and Outcome Differences of Palatal Plate and Oral Screen Training on Stroke-Related Dysphagia

Hägg¹,

Tibbling

2013

TOREHJ

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Abstract:Aim: This study aimed at evaluating (1) if the oral training effect on stroke related dysphagia differs between two different oral appliances, a palatal plate (PP) and an oral screen (OS), and (2) if the training effect remains at a late follow-up. Methods:We included patients with stroke-related dysphagia at two different time periods: the first group of 12 patients studied in 1997-2 002 had to train with a PP, the other one of 14 patients studied in [2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008] had to train with an OS. All patients were evaluated by a swallowing capacity test (SCT), and by a self-assessed visual analogue scale (VAS) of water swallowing capacity at entry of the study, after 13 weeks of training, and at a late follow-up.Results: At end of treatment the SCT had normalized in 33% of PP patients and in 71% of OS patients. There was a significant SCT improvement difference between the PP and OS groups in the period from baseline to late follow-up (p < 0.002) in favor of the OS group. VAS as tested at baseline and at end of treatment did not differ significantly between the two groups. Training with PP and with OS produced remaining improvement of SCT and of VAS as assessed at a late follow-up. Conclusion:The outcome of OS training on SCT in patients with stroke-related dysphagia seems to be superior to PP training. The improvement as assessed with VAS did not differ between the two groups. Training with PP or OS gives a longstanding improvement of SCT and VAS.

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“…"" There is a paucity of evidence that, in the intact, mature pharynx, suckle action initiates reflex swallowing or that reflex swallowing initiates esophageal peristalsis. Perkins et al (1977) demonstrated electromyographically that there is a simultaneous peaking of activity in the buccinator and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles during suckle action. Moreover, it is subjectively evident that, in an intact oropharyngeal system, volitional control must be exercised in ordcr to inhibit swallow subsequent to suckle action.…”

Section: A Rationale For Suckle Feedingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Suckle facilitation of feeding in selected adult dysphagic patients

Ramsey

1986

Dysphagia

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Abstract. The use of a valved feeding line and nipple is reported as an aid in reinstituting oral feeding in adults rendered dysphagic by composite resections or oral and submandibular structures. Suckle feeding procedures that have proven useful in these situations have also been applied with varying success to selected adults rcndcrcd dysphagic by ncurological impairments. The success of preliminary investigations warrants further investigation of suckle feeding as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitative therapies.The armamentarium and training exercises employed in suckle feeding are described. The necessity for confirmatory cineradiographic or videofluoroscopic records of swallowing function is emphasized.

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Electromyographic Analysis of the "Buccinator Mechanism" in Human Beings

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

Reliable Lip Force Measurement in Healthy Controls and in Patients with Stroke: A Methodologic Study

Reliable Lip Force Measurement in Healthy Controls and in Patients with Stroke: A Methodologic Study

Longstanding Effect and Outcome Differences of Palatal Plate and Oral Screen Training on Stroke-Related Dysphagia

Suckle facilitation of feeding in selected adult dysphagic patients

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