1951
DOI: 10.2170/jjphysiol.2.130
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Electromyographic Studies on Tonic Neck, Lumbar and Labyrinthine Reflexes in Normal Persons

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Cited by 60 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…We next investigated whether this coupling between dorsalis trunci and plantaris longus activity was mediated by direct propriospinal interactions between the thoracic and lumbar cord regions or resulted indirectly from sensory reflexes, as has been reported to occur, for example, in the maintenance of human stance (Tokizane et al 1951). To this end, an in vitro brain stem/spinal cord preparation, therefore with no movement-related sensory feedback, was used to assess the effects of deafferentation on the temporal relationships between motor activity recorded in the second thoracic ventral roots that normally innervate dorsalis trunci and the distal nerve branches innervating the ankle extensor and flexor muscles (Fig.…”
Section: Coordination Of Hindlimb and Dorsal Muscles During Rectilinementioning
confidence: 99%
“…We next investigated whether this coupling between dorsalis trunci and plantaris longus activity was mediated by direct propriospinal interactions between the thoracic and lumbar cord regions or resulted indirectly from sensory reflexes, as has been reported to occur, for example, in the maintenance of human stance (Tokizane et al 1951). To this end, an in vitro brain stem/spinal cord preparation, therefore with no movement-related sensory feedback, was used to assess the effects of deafferentation on the temporal relationships between motor activity recorded in the second thoracic ventral roots that normally innervate dorsalis trunci and the distal nerve branches innervating the ankle extensor and flexor muscles (Fig.…”
Section: Coordination Of Hindlimb and Dorsal Muscles During Rectilinementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The tendency to overshoot the reference position when the head was turned toward the moving limb reflects the facilitation of the shoulder abductors seen in the ATNR. The undershooting of the reference position seen when the head was turned away from the arm mirrors the inhibition of the shoulder abductors and arm extensors typical of the ATNR posture and observed in the electromyographical analysis of the deltoids by Tokizane et al (1951).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 59%
“…This difference in relative force production was accentuated with increasing fatigue. Tokizane, Murao, Ogata, and Kondo (1951) also found that in healthy adults, head turning facilitated activity of the extensor musculature, as indexed by electromyographical recordings, and inhibition of the flexor musculature in the extremity that the head was turned towards. The opposite pattern of facilitation was observed in the contralateral homonymous muscles.…”
mentioning
confidence: 73%
“…Elecktromyografisch onderzoek van tonische nek-, tonische lumbale en tonische labyrintreflexen bij gezonde personen door Tokizane et al (1951) onderstrepen de invloed van het labyrint in deze houding. Spieren die faciliterende invloeden vertonen in de rechtopgaande houding, vertoonden inhiberende invloeden in de omgekeerde houding (tabel 1).…”
Section: Abnormale Houdingunclassified