Electron beam radiation grafting of styrene on natural rubber using Taguchi's design

Khamplod, Thammarit; Loykulnant, Surapich; Kongkaew, Chaveewan; Sureeyatanapas, Panitas; Prapainainar, Paweena

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2015.10.016

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The range between 2900 cm À1 shows multiple (varying) bands which are peculiar to these C-H linkages present in aldehyde groupings and the aromatic with a high point (C tragonal ) and a medium point (C trigonal ). 32,[40][41][42]44 SF high point registered at 1230 cm À1 and 1725 cm À1 are peculiar to C-H linkages contained in lignins and to COOH linkages of carboxylic acids contained in hemicelluloses. 8,32,34,43,44 The slim and strong band observed at 1625 cm À1 of the NRV spectrum is indicatives of the presence of C=O linkages of the aldehyde grouping.…”

Section: Ftirmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…32,[40][41][42]44 SF high point registered at 1230 cm À1 and 1725 cm À1 are peculiar to C-H linkages contained in lignins and to COOH linkages of carboxylic acids contained in hemicelluloses. 8,32,34,43,44 The slim and strong band observed at 1625 cm À1 of the NRV spectrum is indicatives of the presence of C=O linkages of the aldehyde grouping. 44 These linkages have a strong binding power of about 750 kJ/mol., which makes them difficult to break, and this is why the NRV is highly elastic.…”

Section: Ftirmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Performance of Cameroonian natural rubber as a polymer matrix for ecofriendly fiberboard: Modeling of water absorption and prediction of mechanical properties

Laurence Carlos,

Aimé,

Abel Emmanuel

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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This research work sheds light on the manufacture of Eco-friendly fiberboards (EFBs) based on natural rubber (NR). Modeling of water absorption and prediction of tensile properties of EFBs were then developed. Sisal fibers (SF) are used for reinforcement at 50, 60, 70 and 80% rates. The 0% compound is the vulcanised natural rubber (NRV). Sulphur vulcanisation through thermo-pressure was used to produce the EFBs. Cross-linking density, mechanical, thermal, chemical and hydrous properties were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) revealed that SFs altered the thermal stability of NR that goes from one to three phases of thermal degradation and increases its stiffness through the increase of the young’s modulus (from 7.53 ± 0.72 MPa for NR to 31.59 ± 6.61 MPa for the best EFB value). Predictions based on the Weibull distribution set the load with the best properties at 50% for an ultimate tensile stress of 10 MPa. An analytical modeling based on the Fick water absorption process of EFBs and NRV have been developed and the load at 60% SF is defined as the threshold by the analytical model with a diffusion coefficient of 0.073 mm2/s. NRV thus shows its high suitability in the manufacture of EFBs which can be used for various purposes in the automobile sector.

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Section: Ftirmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Ftirmentioning

confidence: 96%

Performance of Cameroonian natural rubber as a polymer matrix for ecofriendly fiberboard: Modeling of water absorption and prediction of mechanical properties

Laurence Carlos,

Aimé,

Abel Emmanuel

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…On a polymeric surface, electron beam radiation can be utilized to create active sites or free radicals that can react with monomers to generate a graft copolymer, which is also known as a branched copolymer made of the main chain [7]. The gamma and electron beam methods have proven to generate a more stable product; nevertheless, gamma radiation is deemed notably superior to electron beam radiation since the approach achieved great grafting efficiency based on the copolymerization of natural rubber and polystyrene [8]. Then, another method to prepare the polymer is using plasma radiation techniques.…”

Section: Surface Modification Of Polymer Using Radiation-induced Graf...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Surface Polymer Prepared by using Radiation-Induced Grafting Co-polymerization Method and Its Application: A Mini Review

Seman

Tarmizi

Ali

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The use of radiation-induced grafting (RIG) polymerization techniques is an appealing way to create and develop polymerization of polymer. The method of copolymerization preparation was evaluated in this paper based on the types of radiation-induced grafting polymerization and their prospective applications. Based on the method of preparation, the optimum grafting yield of the monomer in the polymer backbone is described. The approach used to summarise this review was to go through polymer-related papers from the science direct online database from 2010 to 2021. Then, from those selected journals, the technique of preparation, the grafting yield, and the application were reviewed. Furthermore, the majority of researchers from reviewed journals employed gamma irradiation to prepare the modified polymer, followed by electron beam irradiation, plasma irradiation and UV irradiation. Gamma irradiation is popular because it has a better penetration rate and generates a purer result. As a result of this review paper, the radiation-induced graft polymer from the conducted study is ideal for use in biomedical applications, as a material for wastewater treatment fibre membranes, as an absorbent, and as a gas remover.

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“…In this study, to prepare lyocell-based carbon fibers, we used an electron beam irradiation (EBI) for grafting polyacrylamide (PAM); notably, no flame retardants were used. EBI, which is a type of ionizing radiation produced by a linear accelerator, can induce reactions such as polymerization [ 31 , 32 , 33 ], grafting [ 34 , 35 ], cross-linking [ 36 , 37 ], and scission [ 38 , 39 ]. A few studies were conducted in the past on EBI treatment for carbon fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Fibers from Lyocell Precursors Grafted with Polyacrylamide via Electron-Beam Irradiation

Kim

Kuk

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Carbon fibers, which act as reinforcements in many applications, are often obtained from polyacrylonitrile (PAN). However, their production is expensive and results in waste problems. Therefore, we focused on producing carbon fibers from lyocell, a cellulose-based material, and analyzed the effects of the process parameters on their mechanical properties and carbon yields. Lyocell was initially grafted with polyacrylamide (PAM) via electron-beam irradiation (EBI) and was subsequently stabilized and carbonized. Thermal analysis showed that PAM grafting increased the carbon yields to 20% at 1000 °C when compared to that of raw lyocell, which degraded completely at about 600 °C. Stabilization further increased this yield to 55%. The morphology of the produced carbon fibers was highly dependent on PAM concentration, with fibers obtained at concentrations ≤0.5 wt.% exhibiting clear, rigid, and round cross-sections with smooth surfaces, whereas fibers obtained from 2 and 4 wt.% showed peeling surfaces and attachment between individual fibers due to high viscosity of PAM. These features affected the mechanical properties of the fibers. In this study, carbon fibers of the highest tensile strength (1.39 GPa) were produced with 0.5 wt.% PAM, thereby establishing the feasibility of using EBI-induced PAM grafting on lyocell fabrics to produce high-performance carbon fibers with good yields.

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Electron beam radiation grafting of styrene on natural rubber using Taguchi's design

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Performance of Cameroonian natural rubber as a polymer matrix for ecofriendly fiberboard: Modeling of water absorption and prediction of mechanical properties

Performance of Cameroonian natural rubber as a polymer matrix for ecofriendly fiberboard: Modeling of water absorption and prediction of mechanical properties

Modified Surface Polymer Prepared by using Radiation-Induced Grafting Co-polymerization Method and Its Application: A Mini Review

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Fibers from Lyocell Precursors Grafted with Polyacrylamide via Electron-Beam Irradiation

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