Electron-dense Particle in Cholinergic Synaptic Vesicles

Bohan, Timothy P.; Boyne, Alan F.; Guth, Paul S.; Narayanan, Y.; Williams, Terence H.

doi:10.1038/244032a0

Cited by 43 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The normal fine structure of the electric organ has been well described (18) and confirmed in our previous studies (4,5). Control tissue morphology of the experimental animals was very similar to that found in a previous study (5).…”

Section: Morphometric Measurementssupporting

confidence: 80%

Changes in cholinergic synaptic vesicle populations and the ultrastructure of the nerve terminal membranes of Narcine brasiliensis electron organ stimulated to fatigue in vivo.

Boyne¹,

Bohan²,

Williams³

1975

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Narcine brasiliensis electric organ was stimulated to fatigue in vivo. Electrical display of organ output and biochemical assay of bound acetylcholine (ACh) and ATP in isolated vesicles were used to assess the state of fatigue relative to denervated control organs of the same fish. A morphometric analysis of the fate of the synaptic vesicle populations in the nerve terminals was carried out. Statistically significant morphological changes in vesicle populations and plasma membranes were observed between control and fatigued electroplaque stacks from individual fish. Pooled data from several fish were used to evaluate the possible role of the different vesicle types in neurotransmission. Fatigue resulted in the loss of 49% of the total vesicle population and a 76% loss of vesicles with bound calcium (Ca). An approximately equivalent increase in the nerve-terminal plasma membrane area was measured. This was predominantly in the form of fingerlike protrusions and/or invaginations of the terminals which were present in the control organs but which were significantly increased by stimulation. Vesicle attachments to the nerve terminal membrane were reduced by 90%. This suggests that the failure in transmission may be due to a reduction in the number of vesicles which are loaded with transmitter and can attach to the terminal membrane. The Ca-binding capacity of the lost vesicles was not transferred to the plasma membranes. This result was interpreted as support for the hypothesis that vesicle-bound ATP provides the Ca-binding site.Cholinergic synaptic vesicles of the frog neuromuscular junction (15) and the electric organ of Narcine brasiliensis (6) have been shown to have a Ca-binding capacity. The appearance of Cadependent, bulging, pentalaminar attachments between vesicles and nerve-terminal plasma merebrane has also been described, and it was suggested that this may represent the first step in Ca-dependent neurotransmitter release (6).The effect of stimulation on the biochemistry and ultrastructure of Torpedine ray electric organ have been studied by Dunant et al. (8), who used 814

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Section: Morphometric Measurementssupporting

confidence: 80%

Changes in cholinergic synaptic vesicle populations and the ultrastructure of the nerve terminal membranes of Narcine brasiliensis electron organ stimulated to fatigue in vivo.

Boyne¹,

Bohan²,

Williams³

1975

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“…It is well known that ATP is stored together with catecholamines in the storage granules of adrenal chromaffin cells in an ATP:catecholamine ratio of -1:4 and coreleased with catecholamines (Douglas and Poisner, 1966;Winkler, 1977). It has also been reported that ATP is stored together with acetylcholine in synaptic vesicles of cholinergic nerves at an ATP:acetylcholine ratio of 1:5-1:11 (Bohan et al, 1973;Zimmermann et al, 1979). ATP may be released with acetylcholine on splanchnic nerve stimulation and interact with purinergic receptors of adrenal chromaffin cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation by ATP of Inositol Trisphosphate Accumulation and Calcium Mobilization in Cultured Adrenal Chromaffin Cells

Sasakawa

Nakaki

Yamamoto

et al. 1989

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Effects of ATP on accumulation of inositol phosphates and Ca2+ mobilization were investigated in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. When the cells were stimulated with 30 microM ATP, a rapid and transient rise in intracellular Ca2+ concentration was observed. At the same time, ATP rapidly increased accumulation of inositol phosphates. The concentration-response curve for the ATP-induced Ca2+ mobilization was similar to that for inositol trisphosphate (IP3) accumulation. ATP exerted its maximal effects at 30 microM for either IP3 accumulation or Ca2+ mobilization. The order of the efficacy of the agonists for IP3 accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization at 100 microM was ATP greater than ADP greater than AMP approximately adenosine, AMP (100 microM) and adenosine (300 microM) failed to induce IP3 accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization. Although 100 microM GTP and 100 microM UTP also induced IP3 accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization, their efficacy was less than that of ATP. CTP (100 microM) induced a slight IP3 accumulation, but it did not induce Ca2+ mobilization. Nifedipine (10 microM), a Ca2+ channel antagonist, and theophylline (100 microM), a P1-purinergic receptor antagonist, failed to inhibit the ATP-induced IP3 accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization. The above two cellular responses induced by ATP were also observed in the Ca2+-depleted medium. ATP induced a rapid and transient accumulation of 1,4,5-IP3 (5s), followed by a slower accumulation of 1,3,4-IP3. These results suggest that ATP induces the formation of 1,4,5-IP3 through the P2-purinergic receptor and consequently promotes Ca2+ mobilization from intracellular storage sites in cultured adrenal chromaffin cells.

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“…The photographic images of the vesicles are the projection In a recent report, Bohan et al . (13) described electron-dense particles in isolated synaptic vesicles of Narcine electroplaque . These authors raised the question of whether the cholinergic vesof spherical bodies on a flat surface .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Calcium Binding Sites of Synaptic Vesicles of the Frog Sartorius Neuromuscular Junction

Politoff

Rose

Pappas

1974

The Journal of Cell Biology

102

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Electron-dense Particle in Cholinergic Synaptic Vesicles

Cited by 43 publications

References 16 publications

Changes in cholinergic synaptic vesicle populations and the ultrastructure of the nerve terminal membranes of Narcine brasiliensis electron organ stimulated to fatigue in vivo.

Changes in cholinergic synaptic vesicle populations and the ultrastructure of the nerve terminal membranes of Narcine brasiliensis electron organ stimulated to fatigue in vivo.

Stimulation by ATP of Inositol Trisphosphate Accumulation and Calcium Mobilization in Cultured Adrenal Chromaffin Cells

The Calcium Binding Sites of Synaptic Vesicles of the Frog Sartorius Neuromuscular Junction

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