Electron dynamics of molecular frustrated double ionization driven by strong laser fields*

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the frustrated double ionization (FDI) of molecules with different alignment-dependence using a three-dimensional classical ensemble method. The numerical results show that the FDI probability decreases with increasing wavelength, which is similar to the wavelength dependence of the FDI probability of atoms. Tracing the classical trajectories reveals that the contributions to molecular FDI from single-recollision and multiple-recollision mechanisms are equal in the short wavelength regime. In the long wavelength regime, the single-recollision FDI channel dominates in FDI. The nature in which molecular FDI occurs is identified and explained.

Multi-Electron Ionization and Coulomb Explosion of the IBr Molecule in the Near-Infrared Femtosecond Laser Field

“…This means that when the stretched length of the internuclear distance exceeds 3.68 Å, the CT process is prohibited from occurring. Therefore, once the charge state (2, 1) has been formed, it has no chance to undergo further charge transfer and form the charge state (1,2). Other channels are similar.…”

“…The ionization process governs many other physical processes, including high harmonic generation, photoelectron holographic imaging, molecular dissociation, electron correlation, etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. With the development of femtosecond and attosecond laser pulses, scientists now have better knowledge of ionization [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”